LAB

• What are the main types of organizations that provide health and social care services?

  • The public sector
  • NHS Foundation Trusts
  • Adult social care
  • Children’s services
  • GP practices
  • The voluntary sector
  • The private sector
• Name five settings where health and social care services are provided.

  • Hospitals
  • Day care units
  • Hospice care
  • Residential care
  • Domiciliary care
  • The workplace
• How are health and social care services funded and delivered?

  Some services are directly funded and delivered by the government or public sector (e.g., NHS and Local Authority social work support), while many others are provided by independent charitable organisations and private profit-making companies (e.g., Bupa or Priory Group Hospitals).
• What are the four main types of public sector services mentioned in the study material?

  • NHS Foundation Trusts
  • Adult Social Care
  • Children’s services
  • GP practices
• What are the key differences between private and voluntary health and social care providers?

  Private Providers

  
  

  • Managed by commercial companies
  • Profit-making
  • Operate in all sectors
  • Provide services such as private schools, nurseries, hospitals, carer services, residential homes, and mental health services
  • Often provide services for government and local authorities
  • Funded by service users, health insurance, grants, and payments from government

  
  

  Voluntary Providers

  
  

  • Charstities
  • Vary in size
  • Rely on donations
  • Some receive government funding
  • Not run for profit
  • Use volunteers
  • Managed independently or by government/local authorities
  • Provide services such as support for specific conditions (MENCAP, Nacro)
  • Offer support groups, therapy, and a safe place to discuss care needs
• How can a voluntary organisation like Multiple Sclerosis UK support service users and influence government policies?

  They raise public awareness, act as pressure groups influencing government funding allocation for MS sufferers, use media to inform the public, and help raise funding to enhance services.
• What specific roles do voluntary organisations play in supporting people with mental health issues (e.g., MIND UK)?

  They provide support groups, therapy, raise public awareness to support sufferers and reduce stigma, offer online and face-to-face support groups, and provide emotional support.
• Name six settings where health and social care services are provided.

  • Hospital
  • Day Care
  • Hospice Care
  • Residential Care
  • Domiciliary Care
  • Workplace
• What are the issues that can affect access to health and social care services?

  Referral, assessment, eligibility criteria, specific needs, individual preferences, financial barriers, geographical barriers, social barriers, and cultural barriers.
• What are the three main types of referral in health and social care access?

  • Self-referral
  • Third-party referral
  • Professional referral
• What is self-referral in the context of health and social care access?

  Self-referral is when an individual directly contacts a service provider to seek care without external assistance.
• What is third-party referral in health and social care access?

  Third-party referral is when someone else on behalf of the service user contacts the service provider to seek care.
• What is professional referral in health and social care access?

  Professional referral is when a doctor or other healthcare professional refers the service user to another provider for care.
• What problems may arise with different referral methods in health and social care access?

  Delays in referrals, lack of coordination, inaccurate referral information, difficulties in self-referral for service users.
• What are the two main assessments carried out in health and social care access?

  • Community care assessment for individuals needing help with self-care
  • Carer’s assessment for informal caregivers needing support
• Why might a community care assessment be necessary?

  To determine the level of support needed by an individual who has difficulty looking after themselves alone, such as reassurance, devices, or domiciliary/residential care.
• What does an informal carer’s assessment involve?

  It determines if informal caregivers need support to care for the individual, such as respite care, financial assistance, or training.
• What issues might arise during carer’s assessments?

  Lack of awareness, caregiver burden, financial difficulties, and unmet needs of carers and service users.
• What are the two main components a social worker must consider to determine eligibility for care from the local authority?

  A physical/mental impairment/illness AND an inability to perform at least two daily activities.
• List ten daily activities used in eligibility criteria for local authority care.

  • Prepare & eat food
  • Wash themselves and/or their clothes
  • Manage their toileting needs
  • Dress appropriately
  • Move around their home easily
  • Keep their house clean and safe
  • Maintain family or other close relationships
  • Access work, training, education or volunteering
  • Use local facilities (shops, leisure etc)
  • Carry out responsibilities (eg care for their children)
• How do financial assessments determine service user contributions to care costs?

  Social workers determine the service user’s contribution to care costs and provide a personal budget if eligible.
• What is a personal budget in the context of social care?

  A personal budget allows service users to purchase services of their own choice and ensures the local authority meets their needs.
• What are the six main barriers to accessing health and social care services?

  • Confusing service types and access methods
  • Language barriers (sensory impairment or English as a second language)
  • Location and transportation difficulties
  • Financial costs
  • Lack of resources (long wait times, lack of beds)
  • Communication issues (negative stereotypes, lack of trust, difficulty discussing needs)
• How can some of the barriers to accessing health and social care services be overcome?

  Providing clear access information, language services, affordable transport, increased resources, and sensitive communication to build trust.
• What barriers might family members face when a loved one is moving into a care home?

  Emotional distress, financial pressures, logistical challenges in moving their loved one, and managing their own caregiver responsibilities.
• What barriers might a disabled individual face when attending an appointment with their GP?

  Physical access difficulties, communication limitations, scheduling conflicts, and discrimination.
• What barriers might an individual with poor mental health face when attending a dentist appointment?

  Anxiety, fear of judgment, communication difficulties, and stigma.
• What barriers caused by Amir's specific needs may affect his recovery from the accident?

  Limited mobility from arthritis and reduced physical ability, geographical isolation and transportation difficulties, and social isolation affecting confidence.
• What does MENCAP represent for service users?

  Individuals with learning disabilities.
• What does Shelter represent for service users?

  People facing housing insecurity.
• What does NSPCC represent for service users?

  Children who are victims of abuse.
• What does Stonewall represent for service users?

  LGBT+ individuals.
• What does the Mental Health Foundation represent for service users?

  People with mental health issues.
• What rights do service users have if they complain about the quality of care provided?

  The right to have their complaint dealt with efficiently and in a timely manner, formally investigated, and be told the outcome.
• What problems might there be with service users using the complaints procedure?

  Lack of awareness, fear of retribution, communication difficulties, long processing times, and dissatisfaction with the outcome.
• What is a whistleblowing policy?

  A policy that protects staff reporting dangerously poor quality of care to external organisations.
• What are two ways Kiaan could raise concerns about his work setting?

  He could contact his supervisor or report issues through the organisation’s whistleblowing policy.
• What are the key differences between regulation and inspection in health and social care?

  Regulation:

  
  

  • Sets professional standards for health and care professionals
  • Ensures safe practice and minimizes harm
  • Includes training standards and codes of conduct
  • Regulatory bodies such as NMC and CQC

  
  

  Inspection:

  
  

  • Process of checking services meet required standards
  • Focus on resourcing and staffing for quality care
  • Addresses areas for improvement after inspections
  • Enforces regulations and ensures compliance
  • Carried out by organisations like CQC and Ofsted
• Which two organisations are primarily responsible for regulating and inspecting care providers in England?

  • Care Quality Commission (CQC)
  • Ofsted
• What is the Care Quality Commission (CQC) responsible for?

  Monitoring and inspecting all health and social care services in England.