Innate or Learned

• What does the term "neonate" refer to?

  A newborn baby
• What does it suggest if a non-verbal behavior is shown at birth?

  It is likely to be innate
• What are social releasers according to Bowlby?

  Non-verbal behaviors like smiling
• Why are social releasers considered adaptive?

  They encourage care from others for survival
• What did Rosenstein and Oster find about young babies' facial expressions?

  They showed disgust with novel foods
• What does the facial expression of disgust in babies suggest?

  It indicates innate communication of emotions
• What does "sensory deprived" refer to?

  An animal or human without sensory ability
• What does it suggest if a sensory deprived individual shows the same non-verbal behavior as those with normal senses?

  The behaviors are likely innate
• What similarity did Thompson find in children regarding facial expressions?

  Similarities in blind and sighted children's expressions
• What are the key aspects of nature and nurture in neonatal reactions?

  • Social releases
  • Expressions
  • Sensory deprivation
  • Universal facial expressions
• What does the culture-social learning argument emphasize?

  The influence of culture on behavior
• What is personal space in the context of cultural definitions?

  Defined points used for reference in interactions
• What role do gestures play in cultural contexts?

  They are culturally defined forms of communication
• How do culturally defined points relate to personal space?

  They guide acceptable distances in interactions