Henry VIII and Cromwell 1529-40

• Where was Thomas Cromwell born?

  Putney, near London
• What professions did Cromwell have before entering politics?

  Soldier and lawyer
• In which decade did Cromwell become an MP?

  1520s
• How did Cromwell demonstrate loyalty to Wolsey?

  Defended him after his death
• When was Cromwell appointed to the Royal Council?

  In 1531
• What was Cromwell's role in securing Henry's annulment?

  Leading member of the annulment team
• What radical idea did Cromwell propose regarding annulments?

  Transfer power from Pope to Archbishop
• Why was January 1533 significant for Henry VIII?

  Anne Boleyn was pregnant
• When did Henry marry Anne Boleyn?

  January 25th, 1533
• What did the Act in Restraint of Appeals declare?

  Rome had no power over England
• Who annulled Henry's marriage to Catherine?

  Archbishop Thomas Cranmer
• What was the outcome of Anne Boleyn's pregnancy in September 1533?

  She gave birth to Princess Elizabeth
• What position did Cromwell hold by 1533/34?

  Chief minister and King's Secretary
• How did Cromwell's profile compare to Wolsey's?

  Less high-profile but arguably more effective
• When did Catherine of Aragon die?

  January 1536
• Why was Catherine's death significant for Anne Boleyn?

  It threatened the legitimacy of future children
• What injury did Henry sustain in January 1536?

  Broken leg from a jousting accident
• What happened to Anne Boleyn on January 29, 1536?

  She miscarried
• What factors contributed to Henry's discontent with Anne Boleyn?

  Her miscarriages and outspoken nature
• Who did Henry become interested in after Anne Boleyn?

  Jane Seymour
• What was Anne Boleyn's relationship with the Duke of Norfolk?

  Her uncle
• What was the Duke of Norfolk's stance on Anne Boleyn?

  He found her irritating
• How did Cromwell's relationship with Anne Boleyn change?

  They disagreed over policy
• What rumors circulated about Anne Boleyn in March/April 1536?

  She was being unfaithful to Henry
• Who did Cromwell arrest to investigate the rumors about Anne?

  Mark Smeaton
• What were the charges against Anne Boleyn?

  Five counts of adultery
• Who were the men Anne was accused of having affairs with?

  Mark Smeaton, Sir Francis Weston, etc.
• What was the outcome of Anne Boleyn's trial?

  She was found guilty
• How did Cromwell gather evidence against Anne Boleyn?

  Interrogated suspects and used spies
• What was Cromwell's potential motive for undermining Anne Boleyn?

  Disagreement over policy and foreign relations
• When was Anne Boleyn executed?

  May 19th, 1536
• Who did Henry marry after Anne Boleyn?

  Jane Seymour
• When did Jane Seymour give birth to Prince Edward?

  October 1537
• What happened to Jane Seymour after childbirth?

  She died from an infection
• Who were Jane Seymour's brothers?

  Edward and Thomas Seymour
• What changes did Cromwell implement in the government?

  Made it more efficient and powerful
• What was the Privy Council?

  Smaller, more efficient Royal Council
• What law was passed in 1536 regarding franchises?

  Abolished franchises and liberties
• How did Cromwell ensure uniform government across England?

  Created a single system of laws
• What was the purpose of the Court of Augmentations?

  Handled money and land from monasteries