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sociology- Families and households
Trends in family patterns
Parent and children
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Cards (37)
What percentage of children are born outside of marriage?
42%
What trend occurred in the average age of having the first child from 1971 to 2012?
The average age rose by
4 years
What was the average age of having the first child in 2012?
28 years
What happened to the trends of women having children from 1964 to 2010?
Decreased
in 1964, decreased in 2001, increased in 2010
What is a reason for the increase in births outside of marriage?
Decline
in stigma around cohabiting
What percentage of women aged 25-34 believe women should marry before having children?
28%
What percentage of families with children are lone-parent families?
22%
How likely is a child in a lone-parent household to be in poverty compared to one with two parents?
Twice
as likely
What has caused the rise in lone-parent families?
Divorce
, separation, and
never-married
women
Why are lone-parent families usually headed by women?
Belief that women suit
nurturing
roles
What is a reason some women choose to be single parents?
They
may not want to marry
What is Charles Murray's view on lone-parent families and the welfare state?
Welfare state creates a
'perverse incentive'
What do critics argue about Murray's view on welfare benefits?
Benefits are not generous
enough
What percentage of families in Britain are stepfamilies?
10%
In what percentage of stepfamilies is at least one child from the woman's previous relationship?
85%
What are some challenges faced by stepfamilies according to Graham Altat and Grohum Cr?
Divided
loyalties
and contact issues
What does the term 'beanpole family' refer to?
Extended
vertically through generations
What has caused the decline in support and contact in families?
Increased
life expectancy
and
smaller
family sizes
What did Janet Finch and Jennifer Mason find about obligations to relatives?
Over
90%
had given or received financial help
Who is preferred for personal care of elderly women?
Daughter
or
daughter-in-law
What are the recent changes in family patterns?
Fewer
first marriages
More
divorces
and
remarriages
Increased
cohabitation
More births
outside marriage
Rise in
lone-parent
and
stepfamilies
Increase in one-person households and
same-sex families
Ethnic differences in
household composition
What are the reasons for changes in family patterns?
Greater
individualization
Changes in
societal
attitudes
What is the proportion of lone parent households among Black families in 2012?
Just over
half
What historical factor contributes to the high rate of female-headed lone parent families among Black families?
Slavery
and high
unemployment
among Black males
What do some argue about the statistics on lone parents in Black families?
Many
are
in
stable non-cohabiting relationships
How do Bangladeshi, Pakistani, and Indian households compare in size to other ethnic groups?
They tend to be
larger
What reflects the values placed on the extended family in Asian cultures?
Larger
household sizes
What did Peter Willmott argue about the extended family?
It exists as a dispersed extended family
What did Mary Chamberlain find about Caribbean families in Britain?
They provide support despite geographical
dispersion
What did Colin Bell's research reveal about working-class and middle-class families?
Both
relied on kin for
support
What does the beanpole family structure indicate about family support?
There is a
decline
in support and contact
What is the significance of obligations to relatives in modern families?
Extended family provides
practical
and emotional support
What role do females play in providing care for elderly relatives?
More likely to provide
personal care
How does the history of relationships affect obligations to relatives?
It influences who provides
support
What is the overall role of the extended family today?
It
continues
to
play
an
important
role
What are the ethnic differences in household composition?
Different ethnic groups have varying
family structures
What is the impact of individualization on family patterns?
It leads to more
diverse
family structures