Infection and Response

• Bacteria Cell:

  A) Plasma membrane

  B) Cell Wall

  C) Plasmid

  D) Single strand DNA

  E) Ribosomes

  F) Flagella

  G) Cytoplasm

  H) Slime capsule

  
• What is the cell membrane made of?

  Mesosome
• What is mesosome?

  Folds in the cell membrane. Where aerobic respiration happens, with enzymes.
• What is the cell wall made of?

  Peptidoglycan/ Murin
• What are plasmids?

  Small rings of DNA.
• What are positives of Plasmids?

  -We can Genetically modify them to make things we need, eg. insulin
• What are negatives of Plasmids?

  -They can develop anti-biotic resistance
• What is Health?

  The state of physical and mental well-being.
• What are advantages of mesosome?

  Provide a large surface area
• What is physical health?

  The state of well-being and optimal functioning of the body.

  -Free from disease.

  -Healthy balanced diet.

  -Sleeping property
• What is a communicable disease?

  A disease that can be transmitted from one person to another.
• What is an micro-organism?

  A small living organism that is not visible to the naked eye, such as bacteria, viruses, protists and fungi.
• What is a pathogen?

  Micro-organisms that cause communicable diseases.
• How do bacteria reproduce?

  Binary Fission
• What are some communicable diseases in humans?

  -Influenza

  -Flu

  -Tonsilitis

  -HIV/AIDS

  -Chicken pox

  -Common cold

  -Measles

  -Salmonella

  -Malaria
• What are bacteria useful for?

  -In food produce

  -Treat sewage

  -Production of medicine

  -Decomposers
• What are some communicable diseases in plants?

  Rose black spots.

  Tobacco mosaic virus
• What are 3 ways that diseases can be spread?

  -Air

  -Direct contact

  -Water.
• What are some plant uses of glucose?

  -Respiration~ releases energy

  -Stored as starch~ in the vacuole

  -Make cellulose~ for cell wall

  -Make amino acids~ proteins for growth

  -Fats & Oils
• What are vaccines?

  The injection of an attenuated (changed) versions of the pathogen. White Blood Cells remember the pathogen.
• What are some communicable diseases passed by?

  Vectors
• What are vectors?

  Organisms which carry the disease
• What is an antiretroviral medication?

  Combination of medicines that stop/ prevent HIV spreading or developing into AIDS.
• What's on the outside of a virus?

  Antigens.
• How do viruses reproduce?

  By hijacking the host cell's DNA machinery to replicate their genetic material.
• What is Tobacco Mosaic Virus?

  Plant virus that causes a mosaic pattern of discolouration (Chlorosis)
• What does TMV do?

  Affects plant growth and areas cannot photosynthesise.

  ~Reduces yield of crops.
• How is TMV spread?

  Vectors or infected soil.
• Can TMV be treated?

  No there are no treatments, however farmers can grow TMV resistant strains/ crops.
• How can we prevent TMV spreading?

  Good field hygiene and good pest control
• What is Measles?

  Highly infectious viral disease. Spread by inhalation of droplets of coughs and sneezes of those infected.
• What are the symptoms of measles?

  Fever, rash, cough, runny nose.
• What can measles lead to?

  Complications such as brain blindness and brain damage.
• Is there a treatment for measles?

  No, patients need to be isolated to stop the spread.
• What is fungi?

  Eukaryotic organisms that include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.
• What are protists?

  Eukaryotic microorganisms.
• How can we treat anti-fungal diseases?

  Antifungal medications/ drugs.
• What is Potato Blight?

  Fungal disease, potato crops got infected and the leaf's and roots were destroyed. Causing the potato's being unable to grow.
• What is Rose black spot?

  Fungal disease of rose leaves. The fungus produces black or purple spots, which affects the chloroplasts.
• What do mosquitos do?

  Carry malaria