Ch4 enzymes

• Enzymes lower the activation energy for chemical reactions
• catabolic reactions

  -the energy level of the products is lower than the reactants

  -energy is released

  -products have smaller size than substrate
• anabolic reactions

  -the energy level of the products is higher than that of the reactants

  -energy is absorbed

  -products have larger size than substrate
• active site

  specific shape with combine with substance that is complimentary to its shape , and that substance becomes larger or smaller while the shape is unchanged , so it is the active site
• Enzymes

  1. Specific in action
  2. Reusable
  3. Small amounts are needed
  4. Proteins
• inhibitors

  -cyanide

  -heavy metal ions eg cu2+
• biological washing powders contain enzymes that break down proteins so it should not be used on silk and wool as they are proteins
• biological washing powders should not be used at temperatures higher than 60°C as the enzymes are denatured