CONTEMP

• What does culture consist of?

  Shared beliefs, values, and assumptions
• How is culture learned and shared?

  Through interaction and teaching among people
• What role does media play in culture?

  Shapes social norms, public opinions, and values
• What is media culture?

  Impact of media on social norms and values
• What is the concept of a global village?

  People feel interconnected through media technologies
• Who coined the term "global village"?

  Marshall MacLuhan
• What do global media cultures explore?

  Relationship between media, culture, and globalization
• What does globalization refer to?

  Economic and political integration on a world scale
• How does media globalization affect national culture?

  It opens national media systems to outside influences
• What are the two ways media impacts cultural globalization according to Harvard (2007)?

  Transnational media and communicative networks
• What are the five time periods in the study of globalization and media?

  1. Oral Communication
  2. Script
  3. Printing Press
  4. Electronic Media
  5. Digital Media
• What is the oldest form of media?

  Human speech
• How does language facilitate globalization?

  It allows communication across cultures
• What is the principal technology for information dissemination?

  Writing
• Where was the printing press invented?

  China
• What were the consequences of the printing press?

  Changed knowledge preservation and encouraged literacy
• Who developed the Gutenberg press?

  Johannes Gutenberg
• How did the printing press contribute to globalization?

  Facilitated the spread of knowledge and news
• What does electronic media refer to?

  Broadcast or storage media using electronic technology
• What was the primary mass media in remote villages in the 20th century?

  The radio
• Why is television considered a defining moment in globalization?

  It combined visual and aural media accessibility
• What are considered digital media?

  Phones, television, and computers
• How do computers influence globalization?

  They provide access to global markets and information
• What is world music?

  Traditional and non-Western music for Western consumption
• How does popular music relate to globalization?

  It reflects complex dynamics of globalization
• What does globalization do to religions?

  It promotes religious pluralism and responses
• What is religious pluralism?

  Rights and freedoms to worship in diverse societies
• What is the modernist perspective on religion?

  All secularizations will eventually look alike
• What does the post-modernist perspective reject?

  Enlightenment values of rationalism and empiricism
• What is transnational religion?

  Religious traditions appearing in new locations
• What is glocalization?

  Adapting global traditions to local contexts
• What are the four forms of glocalization?

  1. Indigenization
  2. Vernacularization
  3. Nationalization
  4. Transnationalization
• Who popularized the term "global city"?

  Saskia Sassen
• What is a key aspect of Sassen's global city concept?

  Flow of information and capital
• What are indicators of a global city?

  Economic, political, and cultural power
• What are the characteristics of global cities?

  Must have economic attributes and large population
• Which cities did Sassen identify as global cities?

  New York, London, and Tokyo
• What is a global city?

  An urban center with competitive advantages
• How are global cities linked with globalization?

  They are key loci in global networks
• In what way are global cities seen in the global city thesis?

  As building blocks of globalization