urban enviroments

• What is urbanisation?

  Proportion of people living in urban areas increasing
• What defines a megacity?

  A city with a population over 10 million
• What was the global population in 1800?

  1 billion
• What was the global population in 1930?

  2 billion
• What was the global population in 1960?

  3 billion
• What was the global population in 1974?

  4 billion
• What was the global population in 2011?

  7 billion
• What is the predicted global population in 2045?

  9 billion
• When did more people live in cities than rural areas for the first time?

  2008
• How many megacities were there in 1975?

  3 megacities
• How many megacities are there currently?

  20+
• Why did countries considered MDEs have higher levels of urbanisation in 1950?

  Due to industrialisation creating more jobs
• What percentage of the UK population lived in urban areas in 1950?

  79%
• What percentage of the USA population lived in urban areas in 1950?

  64%
• What percentage of Turkey's population lived in urban areas in 1950?

  25%
• What percentage of Iran's population lived in urban areas in 1950?

  5%
• What happened to urbanisation levels in MDEs by 1980?

  Very little change as most moved initially
• What percentage of the UK population lived in urban areas in 1980?

  78%
• What percentage of the USA population lived in urban areas in 1980?

  74%
• What percentage of Brazil's population lived in urban areas in 1980?

  65%
• What percentage of Bangladesh's population lived in urban areas in 1980?

  15%
• What percentage of China's population lived in urban areas in 1980?

  19%
• What percentage of the UK population lived in urban areas in 2020?

  81%
• What percentage of Mexico's population lived in urban areas in 2020?

  81%
• What percentage of Bangladesh's population lived in urban areas in 2020?

  34%
• What is natural population growth?

  When birth rate exceeds death rate
• How does better health facilities affect population growth?

  It lowers death rate, increasing population
• What is industrialisation?

  Building factories and service jobs in cities
• Why do people move to cities during industrialisation?

  For better jobs and pay
• What is rural to urban migration?

  People moving from countryside to cities
• What are the four processes associated with urbanisation?

  Urbanisation, suburbanisation, counter urbanisation, urban resurgence
• What are the characteristics of urban areas?

  • Crowded housing (terraced)
  • Poor air quality
  • Lack of green area
  • Expensive cost of living
  • Land used for businesses
  • Lots of brownfield sites
• What are the characteristics of suburban areas?

  • Bigger housing (semi-detached and detached)
  • More greenfield
  • Better air quality
  • More housing than businesses
  • Cheap land
• What are the causes of suburbanisation?

  1. Easy access to cities via transport
  2. Work from home due to telecommunication
  3. Overcrowded cities
  4. High housing costs in cities
  5. Social housing projects in suburbs
  6. Push factors from inner cities
• What are the effects of suburbanisation?

  • Segregation of middle-class residents
  • Decline of inner city areas
  • Increased traffic from commuting
  • More artificial surfaces causing flooding
  • Loss of forests and farmland
• What are the push factors for moving from urban to rural areas?

  • Noisy
  • Crowded
  • Polluted
  • Lack of transport
  • Congestion
• What are the pull factors for moving to rural areas?

  • Bigger housing
  • Better quality of life
  • Improved online services
  • Ability to work from home
• What are the positives and negatives of counter urbanisation?

  Positives:

  • Increased business for shops
  • Schools can remain open
  • Restoration of older houses
  • Farmers can sell land

  
  

  Negatives:

  • Increased housing prices
  • Destruction of local character
  • Congestion from increased traffic
  • Aging population
  • Online shopping harming local businesses
• What was the population of St Ives in 1961?

  3,800
• What was the population of St Ives in 2010?

  16,400