The Greatness of BG during tzar Kaloyan

• Who was the tsar of Bulgaria from 1197 AD to 1204 AD?

  Tsar Kaloyan
• What were the key events in Bulgarian-Byzantine relations during Kaloyan's reign?

  • Attracted Separatist boyars to Bulgaria
  • Conquered Varna in 1201 AD
  • Concluded peace treaty with Byzantine Empire in 1202 AD
• Which regions did the Separatist boyars come from during Kaloyan's reign?

  Plovdiv, Northern and Middle Macedonia, Rhodop
• What significant military action did the Bulgarians take in 1201 AD?

  They conquered Varna
• What was the outcome of the peace treaty concluded in 1202 AD?

  It was with the Byzantine Empire
• Who was the emperor of the Byzantine Empire during Kaloyan's reign?

  Alexius II Angelus
• What was the purpose of Kaloyan's negotiations with Pope Innocent III?

  • To gain official recognition of his royal title
  • To secure support against Hungarians and Crusaders
• When was Kaloyan crowned king by Cardinal Leo?

  November 8, 1204 AD
• What title was given to the religious leader in the unia with the Roman Church?

  Primas
• What did Kaloyan agree to in the unia with the Roman Church?

  Religious supremacy of the papacy
• What were the implications of the unia for Bulgaria?

  • Stopped aggressive intentions of Hungarians
  • Prevented Crusaders from invading Bulgaria
• What happened on April 13, 1204 AD during the IV Crusade?

  • Constantinople was conquered
  • The Latin Empire was established
• How did the Latin Empire respond to Bulgarian power?

  It did not accept Bulgarian power
• What significant military victory did Tsar Kaloyan achieve on April 14, 1205 AD?

  Defeated the Latins at Adrianople
• What happened to Baldwin of Flanders after the defeat at Adrianople?

  He was captured and sent to Tarnovo
• What military actions did Tsar Kaloyan continue after defeating the Latins?

  • Conquered fortresses in Aegean Thrace
  • Besieged Salonica in 1207 AD
• Who assassinated Tsar Kaloyan?

  Kumanian chieftain Manaster
• What was the fate of Tsar Kaloyan after his assassination?

  He was succeeded by his nephew Boril