Heart Disease

• What is cardiovascular disease a general term for?

  Diseases of the cardiovascular system
• What are examples of cardiovascular diseases?

  Coronary heart disease, heart attacks
• What is the main focus of the video?

  Treatments for cardiovascular diseases
• What are some treatments for cardiovascular diseases mentioned?

  Stents, statins, replacement valves
• What happens in coronary heart disease?

  Coronary arteries get blocked by fatty buildup
• What is the effect of narrowed coronary arteries?

  Less blood and oxygen reach the heart muscle
• How do stents help treat coronary heart disease?

  They hold arteries open for blood flow
• What is a downside of stent surgery?

  It carries risks like heart attack or infection
• What is a potential risk after getting a stent?

  Development of a blood clot (thrombosis)
• What do statins do?

  Alter cholesterol balance in the bloodstream
• What are the two types of cholesterol?

  LDL (bad) and HDL (good)
• How do statins affect cholesterol levels?

  Decrease bad cholesterol and increase good cholesterol
• What are the side effects of statins?

  Headaches and kidney failure
• What can cause heart valves to become damaged?

  Age, heart attacks, infections
• What is the role of heart valves?

  Allow blood to flow in one direction only
• What are the two main problems with faulty heart valves?

  Stiff valves or valves that leak blood
• How can faulty heart valves be fixed?

  By replacing them with new valves
• What types of valves can be used for replacements?

  Biological or mechanical valves
• What is heart failure?

  When the heart can't pump blood properly
• What is the only proper treatment for severe heart failure?

  A heart transplant
• Why are artificial hearts generally temporary fixes?

  They aren't very effective long-term
• What types of hearts can be used for transplants?

  Biological or artificial hearts
• What is a challenge with finding donor hearts?

  It can take a long time to find one
• What is a risk after a successful heart transplant?

  The body may reject the new heart
• Why are artificial hearts advantageous regarding the immune system?

  They are made of non-living materials
• What additional transplant may be required with heart disease?

  A heart and lung transplant
• What complicates heart and lung transplants?

  Difficulty in finding donor organs
• What are the main treatments for coronary heart disease?

  • Stents
  • Statins
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of stents?

  Strengths:

  • Quick surgery
  • Long-lasting effectiveness

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Requires surgery
  • Risk of heart attack or infection
  • Possible thrombosis
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of statins?

  Strengths:

  • Decrease bad cholesterol
  • Increase good cholesterol

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Must be taken regularly
  • Possible side effects (headaches, kidney failure)
• What are the main problems associated with faulty heart valves?

  • Stiff valves that don't open fully
  • Valves that leak blood backwards
• What are the risks associated with heart transplants?

  • Difficulty finding donor hearts
  • Risk of rejection by the immune system
• What are the complications of heart and lung transplants?

  • Difficulty in finding donor organs
  • Complicated surgical procedures