T08

• When was the Third Republic inaugurated in the Philippines?

  July 4, 1946
• Who was the first president of the Third Republic?

  Manuel A. Roxas
• Who succeeded Manuel A. Roxas as president?

  Elpidio R. Quirino
• Which president served from 1953 to 1957?

  Ramon F. Magsaysay
• Who was the president of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986?

  Ferdinand E. Marcos, Sr.
• What were the main challenges faced by the new republic?

  • Economic hardships
  • Rehabilitation efforts
  • Collaboration issues
  • National Security
  • Foreign relations
• What did the Philippine Rehabilitation Act of 1946 provide?

  200 million pesos of surplus property
• What was the purpose of the Bell Trade Act of 1946?

  Continuation of free trade with the US
• What was the fixed exchange rate established by the Bell Trade Act?

  P2 = $1
• What did the Parity Amendment of 1947 grant to Americans?

  Equal rights to exploit natural resources
• What was the Laurel-Langley Agreement of 1955 about?

  Reciprocity of parity rights
• What is the current name of the Rehabilitation Finance Corporation?

  Development Bank of the Philippines
• What was the role of the Central Bank of the Philippines established in 1949?

  Main monetary authority in the country
• What economic policy was promoted during the Quirino administration?

  Import substitution industrialization
• What was the focus of the Pilipino Muna Policy in 1960?

  Prioritization of Filipino businesses
• What did Republic Act No. 34 establish regarding tenancy?

  70-30 sharing arrangements between tenants and landlords
• What did Executive Order 355 s. 1950 replace?

  National Land Settlement Administration
• What was the purpose of Republic Act 1160 (NARRA Act of 1954)?

  Abolished LASEDECO and established NARRA
• What did Republic Act 1400 (Land Reform Act of 1955) create?

  Land Tenure Administration (LTA)
• What did Republic Act 3844 (Agricultural Land Reform Code of 1963) institutionalize?

  Abolished share tenancy and institutionalized leasehold
• What is the purpose of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)?

  • Reduce poverty and hunger through rice science
  • Improve health and welfare of rice farmers
  • Protect the rice-growing environment
  • Develop 'miracle rice' to increase production
• What agreement allowed US military bases in the Philippines for 99 years?

  Military Bases Agreement of 1947
• What were the key components of the Military Assistance Agreement of 1947?

  • Establishment of JUSMAG
  • Logistical assistance for military equipment
  • Training assistance for military personnel
• What did the Mutual Defense Treaty of 1951 require?

  Support in case of foreign attacks
• When did the Philippines join the United Nations?

  1945
• Who became President of the UN General Assembly from 1949-1950?

  Carlos P. Romulo
• What was the purpose of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)?

  • Prevent the spread of Communism
  • Established in 1954
  • Lasted until 1974
• What was the aim of MAPHILINDO?

  • Encourage contacts among Malaysia, Philippines, and Indonesia
  • Foster world peace
  • Mediate conflicts in the region
• What is the purpose of ASEAN established in 1967?

  • Promote economic growth
  • Ensure peace and security
  • Foster social progress and cultural development
• What were the key social movements in the Philippines during this period?

  • Hukbong Mapagpalaya ng Bayan (1946-1954)
  • Lapiang Malaya (1967)
  • Communist Party of the Philippines (1968)
  • Kabataang Makabayan (1964)
  • National Union of Students of the Philippines (1957)
• What was the Sabah claim in 1962 about?

  Claim of ownership by Sultan of Sulu
• What triggered the Muslim Independence Movement in 1968?

  Jabidah Massacre
• What was the goal of the Moro National Liberation Front in 1972?

  Independence of a Moro nation