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Year 1
Ecology
week 5
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Created by
Robynne McKibbin
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Cards (85)
What organelle in eukaryotic cells is the site of cellular respiration?
Mitochondrion
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What is a mixotroph?
An organism capable of
photosynthesis
and
heterotrophy
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What type of symbiotic relationship benefits both participants?
Mutualism
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What is nitrogen fixation?
The conversion of
atmospheric
nitrogen to
ammonia
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What is the non-membrane-bounded region in a prokaryotic cell called?
Nucleoid
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What is an obligate aerobe?
An organism that requires oxygen for
respiration
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What is an obligate anaerobe?
An organism that cannot use
oxygen
and may be poisoned by it
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What type of protist acquires nutrition mainly as a decomposer or plant parasite?
Oomycete
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What does osmoregulation refer to?
Regulation of
solute concentrations
and water balance
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What is osmosis?
The
diffusion
of free water across a membrane
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What is a parabasalid?
A
protist
with modified
mitochondria
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What may have originated by secondary endosymbiosis?
Chromalveolates
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What defines Rhizarians?
A diverse group of
protists
defined by
DNA
similarities
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What are red algae and green algae to land plants?
They are the closest
relatives
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What do Unikonts include?
Protists
closely related to fungi and animals
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What roles do protists play in ecological communities?
They play key roles in ecological communities
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What is parasitism?
A relationship where one
organism
benefits at another's expense
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What is a pathogen?
An
organism
,
virus
, viroid, or
prion
that causes disease
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What is peptidoglycan?
A polymer in bacterial cell walls of modified sugars
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What structure links one bacterial cell to another during conjugation?
Pilus
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What is a plasmid?
A small
circular
DNA
molecule in bacteria
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What is a producer?
An organism that produces
organic compounds
from
CO2
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What is a pseudopodium?
A cellular extension of
amoeboid
cells
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What is a stipe?
A stem-like
structure
of a
seaweed
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What is a symbiont?
The smaller participant in a
symbiotic
relationship
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What is a stramenopile?
A
protist
with a
hairy
flagellum
paired with a smooth one
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What is symbiosis?
An
ecological
relationship between two different
species
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What does taxis refer to?
An
oriented
movement toward or away from a
stimulus
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What is a thallus?
A plant-like body of
seaweed
lacking true roots
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What does Unikonta consist of?
Amoebozoans
and
opisthokonts
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What do structural and functional adaptations contribute to?
Prokaryotic
success
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What have diverse nutritional and metabolic adaptations done in prokaryotes?
They have
evolved
over time
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What is molecular systematics illuminating?
Prokaryotic
phylogeny
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What roles do prokaryotes play in the biosphere?
They play
crucial
roles
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What impacts do prokaryotes have on humans?
Both
beneficial
and
harmful
impacts
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What type of organisms are most eukaryotes?
Single-celled
organisms
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What do Excavates include?
Protists with modified
mitochondria
and unique
flagella
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What does a Gram stain distinguish?
Between two different kinds of
bacterial
cell walls
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What are green algae known for?
Photosynthetic
protists with
chloroplasts
similar to
land plants
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What is a haploid cell?
A cell with one set of
chromosomes
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