Blood Glucose Contol

• What hormones control blood glucose concentration?

  Insulin and glucagon
• What does blood glucose concentration describe?

  The amount of sugar in the bloodstream
• Why do cells need a constant supply of glucose?

  For respiration to produce energy
• What happens if blood glucose concentration is too high?

  It can damage our tissues
• What occurs when a person eats a large meal with carbohydrates?

  Blood glucose concentration increases
• How does the pancreas respond to high blood glucose levels?

  It releases insulin into the bloodstream
• What is the role of insulin in blood glucose regulation?

  It tells cells to take in glucose
• Which cells primarily take up glucose in response to insulin?

  Liver and muscle cells
• What is glycogen?

  A long-term storage form of glucose
• What happens to blood glucose concentration after insulin is released?

  It decreases back to normal levels
• What hormone is released when blood glucose levels drop too low?

  Glucagon
• How does glucagon affect blood glucose levels?

  It increases blood glucose concentration
• What does glucagon do in the liver?

  It breaks down glycogen into glucose
• How do insulin and glucagon work together?

  They create a negative feedback loop
• What happens to blood glucose levels after a meal?

  They fluctuate rather than remain flat
• What is the process of blood glucose regulation?

  • High glucose: Insulin released
  • Cells take in glucose
  • Glucose stored as glycogen
  • Low glucose: Glucagon released
  • Glycogen broken down to glucose
  • Glucose released into blood
• What are the effects of insulin and glucagon on blood glucose levels?

  • Insulin:
  • Decreases blood glucose
  • Promotes glucose uptake and storage
  • Glucagon:
  • Increases blood glucose
  • Promotes glycogen breakdown