Menstrual Cycle and Puberty

• What is puberty?

  The period of developing secondary sexual characteristics
• What triggers the process of puberty?

  Reproductive hormones
• What hormone is mainly produced in men during puberty?

  Testosterone
• Where is testosterone produced in men?

  In the testes
• What hormone is primarily produced in women during puberty?

  Estrogen
• Where is estrogen produced in women?

  In the ovaries
• What are the four stages of the menstrual cycle?

  1. Menstruation
  2. Uterus lining buildup
  3. Ovulation
  4. Uterus lining maintenance
• What is the average length of a menstrual cycle?

  Around 28 days
• What happens during menstruation?

  Breakdown of the uterus lining and bleeding
• How long does menstruation typically last?

  About four days
• What occurs in stage two of the menstrual cycle?

  The uterus lining builds up again
• How long does stage two last?

  Around ten days
• What is the purpose of the thick spongy layer in stage two?

  To prepare for a fertilized egg
• What happens during ovulation?

  The egg is released from the ovaries
• How long does ovulation last?

  One day
• What occurs in stage four of the menstrual cycle?

  Maintaining the lining of the uterus
• What happens if no fertilized egg reaches the uterus?

  The uterus lining breaks down
• What happens if a fertilized egg implants in the uterus?

  The menstrual cycle stops
• What hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle?

  • Estrogen
  • Progesterone
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
• What hormone stimulates the uterus lining to grow?

  Estrogen
• What role does progesterone play in the menstrual cycle?

  Maintains the lining of the uterus
• What happens if progesterone levels drop?

  The uterus lining breaks down
• Where are LH and FSH produced?

  In the pituitary gland
• What is the role of FSH in the menstrual cycle?

  Stimulates egg maturation in ovaries
• What does LH stimulate on day 14?

  The release of the egg (ovulation)
• How do FSH and estrogen interact in the menstrual cycle?

  • FSH stimulates ovaries to produce estrogen
  • Increased estrogen levels inhibit FSH (negative feedback)
• What triggers the release of LH?

  High levels of estrogen
• What does progesterone inhibit?

  Both LH and FSH
• What is the overall process of the menstrual cycle?

  1. Menstruation (lining breaks down)
  2. Uterus lining builds up
  3. Ovulation (egg released)
  4. Uterus lining maintained or breaks down