L3 typed up

• What was Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) previously called?

  Specific Language Impairment (SLI)
• What does DLD affect in children?

  Children's ability to develop language
• How can DLD manifest in children?

  Difficulties with vocabulary and grammar
• What are the potential impacts of DLD on a child's life?

  Impacts everyday communication and academic performance
• What is the prevalence of DLD in children in the UK?

  1 in 15 children
• Which gender is more prevalent for DLD?

  Boys
• How do most people with DLD communicate?

  Through pictures, symbols, and gestures
• What aids the development of language in individuals with DLD?

  Songs and familiar stories
• What was shown in the video of a young girl with DLD?

  Music and acting helped develop language
• Is DLD curable?

  Yes, with intensive training and interventions
• What is the genetic aspect of DLD?

  It is heritable and runs in families
• In which type of twins is DLD more common?

  Identical twins
• What does the presence of DLD in identical twins suggest?

  A strong genetic component
• Is DLD solely genetic?

  No, environmental factors also play a role
• What does the KE family genealogical tree represent?

  Persons with specific language impairments
• How many members of the KE family were found to have DLD?

  15 out of 37 members
• What does the high concentration of DLD in the KE family suggest?

  It could be linked to a single gene
• Have researchers found a definitive gene for DLD?

  No, too many possible genes exist
• What defect was found in the young boy LS?

  A defect on Chromosome 7
• What is the name of the defective segment of DNA correlated with DLD?

  FOXP2
• What did the media dub FOXP2?

  The language gene or grammar gene

  
• What is the reality regarding the genetic basis of DLD?

  No single gene for DLD exists
• What is the nature of DLD?

  It has a heritable biological basis
• What is the role of nurture in language acquisition?

  Nurture plays a definite role
• What is the critical period in language acquisition?

  A sensitive time for language learning
• What happens if the eyes are deprived of input during the critical period?

  Visual pathways in the brain diminish
• What does the critical period hypothesis debate about?

  The link between age and language mastery
• What happened to Genie regarding language acquisition?

  She was isolated and deprived of input
• How much language did Genie manage to learn after rescue?

  Some vocabulary but not proficiency
• What was Genie's tone of voice like?

  High pitched and soft
• What challenges did Genie face in phonology?

  Deleted or substituted words in speech
• How did Genie perform in semantics by 1975?

  Could name most objects accurately
• What challenges did Genie face in morphosyntax?

  Significant challenges with basic grammar
• What did Genie's utterances often lack?

  Complete subjects or verbs
• What does Genie's case suggest about the critical period?

  She may have missed the critical period
• What factors affected Genie's language acquisition?

  Severe neglect and abuse as a child
• What did Newport's study on deaf children investigate?

  The critical period of first language acquisition
• What were the three categories of participants in Newport's study?

  Native ASL signers, early learners, late learners
• What was measured in Newport's study?

  Grammatical knowledge
• What did Newport's study find about complex grammar?

  Older age of acquisition led to poorer performance