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Paper 1
Atomic Structure & Radioactivity
Alpha Scattering
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Created by
Syeef Kabir
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Cards (19)
What did ancient Greeks believe about atoms?
Everything is made of
indivisible
tiny spheres
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What was discovered about atoms in 1897?
Atoms contain tiny negative particles called
electrons
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How did the discovery of electrons change the atomic model?
It showed atoms have an
internal structure
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What is the plum pudding model of atomic structure?
A ball of
positive charge
with embedded electrons
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What was the purpose of the alpha scattering experiment?
To test the validity of the
plum pudding model
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What material was used in the alpha scattering experiment?
Gold
foil
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Why was gold chosen for the experiment?
It can be
hammered
into very thin foil
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What are alpha particles?
Positive
charged particles used in experiments
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What did scientists observe about most alpha particles in the experiment?
They passed straight through the
gold foil
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What did the deflection of some alpha particles indicate?
The center of the atom has a
positive charge
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What conclusion was drawn from alpha particles bouncing back?
The mass of the atom is concentrated in the
nucleus
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What is the central part of an atom called?
Nucleus
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What did scientists replace the plum pudding model with?
The
nuclear model
of atomic structure
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Who proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances?
Neil Bohr
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What are the orbits of electrons around the nucleus called?
Energy levels
or shells
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What particles were discovered in the nucleus years later?
Protons
and
neutrons
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What charge do neutrons have?
They are
neutral
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What are the key developments in atomic structure from ancient Greece to modern science?
Ancient Greeks: Atoms as
indivisible
spheres
1897
: Discovery of electrons
Plum pudding model
: Positive charge with embedded electrons
Alpha scattering experiment
: Revealed nucleus and empty space
Nuclear model
: Nucleus with
protons
and
neutrons
Bohr's model: Electrons in specific energy levels
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What are the main components of the nuclear model of the atom?
Nucleus: Contains
protons
and
neutrons
Electrons: Orbit the nucleus in
energy levels
Mostly empty space in the atom
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