sources of stress: workplace stress L5

• What is the economic cost of workplace stress in 2013?

  £10.4 billion
• What was the sample size of the study conducted by Johansson et al.?

  28 manual labourers
• Where was the study by Johansson et al. conducted?

  At a Swedish sawmill
• What types of workers were in the high-risk group in Johansson et al.'s study?

  Sawyers, edgers, and graders
• What does workload refer to in the context of this study?

  The amount of activity in a job
• How is job control defined in the study?

  Extent of managing work aspects
• What were the findings regarding high workload and low control?

  Higher illness rates and adrenalize levels
• What does the job-strain model propose?

  Workplace creates stress through demands
• What are the two ways stress is created according to the job-strain model?

  High workload and low job control
• What did Marmot et al. study in their research?

  10,000 civil servants in Whitehall
• What is the relationship between senior and junior staff in Marmot et al.'s study?

  Senior staff have high workload and control
• What does Lazarus' transactional model propose about stress?

  Perception of stress depends on coping abilities
• What did Shultz et al. (2010) find about work underload?

  It can also be stressful
• What was assessed 11 years later in Shultz et al.'s study?

  Coronary heart disease risk
• What did researchers find about high-grade workers?

  They had the highest workload and control
• What was the relationship between workload and coronary heart disease (CHD)?

  High workload was not associated with CHD
• How does the job-strain model oversimplify stress factors?

  It doesn't account for work underload effects
• What was the strongest combined effect found in the study?

  Low job control and high workload
• How did social support affect younger workers in the study?

  It did not reduce stress levels