Muscular system

• What is the main concern of the muscular system?

  Producing movement through muscle contraction
• What are the three types of muscle in the body?

  • Smooth muscle: involuntary, found in organs
  • Cardiac muscle: involuntary, found in the heart
  • Skeletal muscle: voluntary, attached to skeleton
• What distinguishes involuntary muscles from voluntary muscles?

  Involuntary muscles are not consciously controlled
• What type of muscle is found in the heart?

  Cardiac muscle
• What is the role of skeletal muscles in physical activity?

  They allow conscious movement during activities
• What are the main skeletal muscles of the human body?

  • Deltoid
  • Trapezius
  • Pectorals
  • Triceps
  • Biceps
  • Abdominals
  • Latissimus dorsi
  • Gluteals
  • Quadriceps
  • Hamstrings
  • Gastrocnemius
• What is the function of the deltoid muscle?

  Lifting the arm at the shoulder
• In which sport is the deltoid muscle used to block?

  Volleyball
• What is the function of the trapezius muscle?

  Shoulder horizontal extension
• When is the trapezius muscle used in sports?

  During an overarm throw preparation
• What is the function of the pectorals muscle?

  Adduction and horizontal flexion of the shoulder
• In which activity do the pectorals play a role?

  Press up exercise
• What is the function of the triceps muscle?

  Extension of the elbow
• Which sport involves the triceps during shooting?

  Netball
• What is the function of the biceps muscle?

  Flexion of the elbow
• In which sport is the biceps used during a serve?

  Tennis
• What is the function of the abdominals muscle?

  Flexion of the spine
• Which activity uses the abdominals during execution?

  Sit up
• What is the function of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

  Adduction of the shoulder
• In which sport is the latissimus dorsi used during hitting?

  Hockey
• What is the function of the gluteals muscle?

  Hip extension
• Which action involves the gluteals before kicking?

  Pulling leg back at the hip
• What is the function of the quadriceps muscle?

  Extension of the knee
• In which sport is the quadriceps used during kicking?

  Football
• What is the function of the hamstrings muscle?

  Flexion of the knee
• Which exercise involves the hamstrings during preparation?

  Rebound jump in basketball
• What is the function of the gastrocnemius muscle?

  Plantar flexion of the ankle
• In which activity is the gastrocnemius used when standing on tiptoe?

  Netball
• What are the functions and examples of the main skeletal muscles in sports?

  • Deltoid: Lifting arm; volleyball block
  • Trapezius: Shoulder extension; overarm throw
  • Pectorals: Shoulder adduction; press up
  • Triceps: Elbow extension; netball shooting
  • Biceps: Elbow flexion; archery
  • Abdominals: Spine flexion; sit up
  • Latissimus dorsi: Shoulder adduction; hockey hitting
  • Gluteals: Hip extension; kicking
  • Quadriceps: Knee extension; kicking
  • Hamstrings: Knee flexion; rebound jump
  • Gastrocnemius: Ankle plantar flexion; tiptoe
• What is the main function of the muscular-skeletal system?

  Producing movement through muscle contraction
• How do muscles move bones?

  By pulling on them through contraction
• Why do muscles usually work in pairs?

  Because they can only pull, not push
• What are antagonistic pairs of muscles?

  Muscles that work against each other
• What happens in an antagonistic muscle pair during movement?

  One muscle contracts while the other relaxes
• What is the agonist muscle?

  The muscle that contracts during movement
• What is the antagonist muscle?

  The muscle that relaxes during movement
• How can you remember which muscle is the agonist?

  It's the one in 'agony' during movement
• In a bicep curl, which muscle is the agonist?

  The biceps muscle
• In a bicep curl, which muscle is the antagonist?

  The triceps muscle
• What are the antagonistic pairs of muscles at the elbow joint?

  • Biceps and triceps
  • Movements: Flexion and extension
  • Sport examples: Chest pass in netball; badminton smash