psychology - approaches

• Who established the first psychology lab?

  Wundt
• In what year was the first psychology lab established?

  1879
• What was the aim of Wundt's psychology lab?

  To describe the nature of the mind scientifically
• What method did Wundt use to study the mind?

  Introspection
• How did introspection work in Wundt's studies?

  Participants reported thoughts after stimuli presentation
• What is structuralism in psychology?

  Breaking behaviors into basic structures
• In which decade was introspection rejected?

  1900s
• Which approach dominated psychology in the 1930s?

  Behaviourist approach
• What significant event in psychology occurred in the 1950s?

  Cognitive approach emerged
• What technological advancement influenced the cognitive approach?

  The computer revolution
• What approach emerged in 1980?

  Biological approach
• What research methods are associated with the biological approach?

  Scanning and genetic research
• What are the three components of personality structure according to Freud?

  Id, superego, ego

  
• What does the id represent in Freud's personality structure?

  Basic drives towards sex and aggression

  
• What role does the superego play in personality?

  It represents conscience and moral standards
• What is the function of the ego in Freud's model?

  It mediates conflict between id and superego

  
• What happens when balance cannot be achieved among id, ego, and superego?

  It causes behavior abnormalities
• Why are childhood experiences important in Freud's theory?

  Distressing events may become part of the unconscious
• What is repression in Freud's theory?

  Forcing traumatic memories into the unconscious
• How can repressed memories affect behavior?

  They can break through and influence actions
• What is denial in the context of Freud's defense mechanisms?

  Denying an event to avoid anxiety
• How might a drug addict use denial?

  Claiming they are in control of their use
• What is displacement in Freud's defense mechanisms?

  Redirecting emotion onto an easier target
• What are the key approaches in psychology mentioned?

  • Psychodynamic approach
  • Behaviourist approach
  • Humanistic approach
  • Cognitive approach
  • Biological approach
  • Social learning theory

  
• Who is associated with classical conditioning?

  Pavlov
• What is operant conditioning?

  Learning through reinforcement and punishment

  
• What is the significance of Wundt in psychology?

  He established the first psychology lab
• What are schedules of reinforcement?

  Rules determining when reinforcement is given

  
• What is the focus of the psychodynamic approach?

  Unconscious processes and childhood experiences
• What does the behaviorist approach emphasize?

  Observable behavior and environmental influences
• What is the main focus of the humanistic approach?

  Personal growth and self-actualization
• What does the cognitive approach study?

  Mental processes like thinking and memory
• What is the biological approach concerned with?

  Genetic and physiological processes
• What does social learning theory focus on?

  Learning through observation and imitation