Strategies

• What entities invest money and expertise in LICS and NEES?

  Countries and Transnational Corporations (TNCs)
• What types of infrastructure are improved through investments in LICS and NEES?

  • Water
  • Roads
  • Electricity
  • Ports
  • Airports
  • Dams
  • Hydroelectric power plants (HEP)
• What is developed in addition to infrastructure improvement in LICS and NEES?

  New industries
• What does industrial development involve in secondary industries?

  Opening factories to create new jobs and increase workers' income
• What strategy uses natural features to generate income?

  Tourism
• How can long-term and freely given aid be used to reduce the development gap?

  • Invest in development projects
  • Improve quality of life by building schools and hospitals
• What does Fairtrade guarantee for farmers?

  Fair prices
• What type of technology is considered appropriate for local needs in Intermediate Technology?

  Sustainable technology
• What characteristic must countries possess for their debt to be reduced?

  Manage their own finances and show no corruption
• How is the reduced debt money utilized in Debt Reduction strategies?

  • Improve education
  • Improve health
  • Reduce poverty
• What is the purpose of microfinance loans?

  To provide small-scale financial support to the poor for starting new businesses and becoming self-sufficient
• Benefits of Improved Infrastructure


  Economic growth, Increased productivity, Improved quality of life, Reduced poverty, Enhanced competitiveness
• Social benefits


  Improved quality of life, Reduced poverty
• Environmental benefits


  Reduced pollution, Increased energy efficiency, Enhanced environmental sustainability
• What is aid and how is it typically provided?

  • Aid is financial or material assistance given from one country to another
  • Typically provided in the form of money or resources (e.g., food, doctors)
• What are some common development projects funded by aid?

  • Constructing schools to improve literacy rates
  • Building dams and wells to improve clean water supplies
  • Providing farming knowledge and equipment to improve agriculture
• What are the potential challenges and weaknesses associated with aid?

  • Aid can be wasted by corrupt governments
  • Projects may stop once funding runs out if local knowledge and support are inadequate
• What is the primary goal of the fair trade movement?

  • To ensure farmers in LICS receive a fair price for their goods (e.g., coffee, bananas)
  • To allow farmers to provide for their families
• What requirement must companies meet to label products as 'fair trade'?

  • They must pay producers a fair price for the goods
• What additional payment do buyers make in fair trade?

  • Buyers pay extra to help develop the area where goods are produced
• What is a major problem with the fair trade movement?

  • Only a tiny proportion of extra money reaches the original producers
  • Most of the extra money goes to retailers' profits
• What does intermediate technology include?

  • Tools, machines, and systems that improve quality of life
  • Simple to use, affordable to buy or build, cheap to maintain
• What are the other lighting options in the mentioned part of Nepal?

  Polluting and dangerous kerosene lamps or wood fires
• What are the benefits of using intermediate technology in Nepal?

  Increased skills, incomes, and industrial output, which help reduce the development gap
• What is debt relief in the context of reducing the development gap?

  • Cancelling some or all of a country's debt
  • Lowering interest rates
  • Provides countries with more money for development
• How much debt was cancelled for Zambia in 2005?

  • $4 billion
• What did Zambia do with the money from debt relief in 2006?

  • Started a free healthcare scheme for millions living in rural areas
• What is Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and how does it affect a country?

  • FDI is when people or companies in one country buy property or infrastructure in another
  • Leads to better access to finance, technology, expertise, improved infrastructure, industry, and increased services
• What is a common problem associated with Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)?

  • Only a tiny proportion of extra money reaches original producers
  • Much goes to retailers' profits