Globalisation and Crime

• What is globalisation according to McGrew (1992)?


  The widening, deepening and speeding up of worldwide connectedness
• What factors have contributed to globalisation?

  Spread of new info and communication technologies

  Influence of global mass media

  Cheap air travel

  Deregulation of financial and other materials

  Easier movement of people and companies
• What did Castells say about globalisation and crime?

  There is now a global criminal economy worth over £1 billion per anum
• What are some exampes of crimes which have increased due to globalisation?

  Arms trafficking

  Smuggling of illegal immigrants

  Self tourism

  Trafficking human body parts

  Cyber-crimes

  Green crimes

  Drugs trade

  Money laundering

  Trafficking of cultural artifacts
• What are some examples of cybercrime?

  Phising

  Internet-based fraud

  Hacking

  Money laudering

  Online bullying and harrassment
• Why is it difficult to tackle cyber crimes?

  Technology moves faster than the law

  Cybercrime can transend boarders

  Lack of experts in the criminal justice system

  Victims are not aware they are victims

  Privacy and the internet
• What are the two main forms of global criminal networks according to Far (2005)?

  Established mafias have adapted their activites and organsiation to take advantage of the new oppotunities of globalisation

  New organsied crime groups have emerged from globalisation and include different criminal groups connecting
• What is the McMafia proposed by Glenny (2009)?

  Describes the way transnational organised crime mirrors the activities of legal transnational comapnies like McDonalds who seek to provide and sell the same products across the world
• What did Hobbs and Dunngham (1998) say about crime on a glocal level?


  Crime operates a glocal system, which is an interconnectivity between the local and global world
• How how globalisation affected crime?

  Disorganised capitalism

  Growing inequality

  Supply and demand

  More oppotunities for crime

  Cultural globalisation and the ideology of consumerism

  Growing individualisation

  Global risk society
• What are the strenghts of the study of globalisation impacting crime?

  Valuable for studying newer and serious crimes

  Suggestions that globalisation has impacted crimes but in other parts of the world due to corruption
• What are the limitation of the study of globalisation impacting crime?

  Difficult to investigate

  Dependency of secondary sources

  Easy to exaggerate

  Offenders find it more difficult due to increased interconnectiveness of law enforcement