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Muscular terms
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Dwyanne
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Cards (31)
What type of muscle is found only in the heart?
Cardiac muscle
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What is a characteristic of smooth muscle?
It is involuntary and found in the digestive system
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What type of muscle is voluntary and moves bones?
Skeletal muscle
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What happens to skeletal muscle during contraction?
It pulls bones via contraction
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What is the nerve impulse sent from the brain called?
Action potential
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What neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction?
Acetylcholine
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What theory explains muscle contraction at the sarcomere level?
Sliding filament theory
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What is the outer layer that holds the whole muscle called?
Epimysium
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What layer holds fascicles within a muscle?
Perimysium
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What is the name of the layer that holds each muscle fiber?
Endomysium
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What are the thin and thick filaments in muscle fibers called?
Actin and Myosin
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What is the role of sensory neurons?
To send signals to the brain
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What do motor neurons do?
Send signals to tell muscles to move
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What happens to the H zone, I band, and Z line during muscle contraction?
They all close up
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Which band remains the same width during contraction?
H band
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What happens to the A band during muscle contraction?
A band
contracts
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What type of muscle fiber is slow twitch and aerobic?
Type 1
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What is a characteristic of Type 2a muscle fibers?
They are fatigue resistant and aerobic
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What type of muscle fiber is fast twitch and powerful?
Type 2x
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What triggers the release of Ca++ ions in muscle contraction?
Impulse from the nerve
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What happens to troponin and tropomyosin when Ca++ is released?
They change shape
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What is formed when ATP breaks during muscle contraction?
Cross bridges between myosin and actin
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What is the definition of isometric contraction?
Same length, harder tension
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What is an example of isotonic contraction?
Pulling against gravity
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What is eccentric contraction?
Lengthening under tension
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What are the major muscles in the upper body?
Pectorals
Trapezius
Deltoids
Orbicularis
Rhomboids
Latissimus Dorsi
Erector Spinae
Transverse Abdominis
Deltoid
Biceps
Triceps
Wrist flexors/extensors
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What are the major muscles in the lower body?
Iliopsoas
Gluteus
Quadriceps Femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedius
Hamstrings (Bicep Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus)
Anterior Tibialis
Soleus
Gastrocnemius
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What is the role of the agonist muscle?
It is under the most
tension
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What is the role of the antagonist muscle?
It
supports
the
agonist
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What is the function of a synergist muscle?
Supports the agonist
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What does a fastor muscle do?
Holds isometrically to anchor position
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