Muscular terms

Cards (31)

  • What type of muscle is found only in the heart?
    Cardiac muscle
  • What is a characteristic of smooth muscle?
    It is involuntary and found in the digestive system
  • What type of muscle is voluntary and moves bones?
    Skeletal muscle
  • What happens to skeletal muscle during contraction?
    It pulls bones via contraction
  • What is the nerve impulse sent from the brain called?
    Action potential
  • What neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction?
    Acetylcholine
  • What theory explains muscle contraction at the sarcomere level?
    Sliding filament theory
  • What is the outer layer that holds the whole muscle called?
    Epimysium
  • What layer holds fascicles within a muscle?
    Perimysium
  • What is the name of the layer that holds each muscle fiber?
    Endomysium
  • What are the thin and thick filaments in muscle fibers called?
    Actin and Myosin
  • What is the role of sensory neurons?
    To send signals to the brain
  • What do motor neurons do?
    Send signals to tell muscles to move
  • What happens to the H zone, I band, and Z line during muscle contraction?
    They all close up
  • Which band remains the same width during contraction?
    H band
  • What happens to the A band during muscle contraction?
    A band contracts
  • What type of muscle fiber is slow twitch and aerobic?
    Type 1
  • What is a characteristic of Type 2a muscle fibers?
    They are fatigue resistant and aerobic
  • What type of muscle fiber is fast twitch and powerful?
    Type 2x
  • What triggers the release of Ca++ ions in muscle contraction?
    Impulse from the nerve
  • What happens to troponin and tropomyosin when Ca++ is released?
    They change shape
  • What is formed when ATP breaks during muscle contraction?
    Cross bridges between myosin and actin
  • What is the definition of isometric contraction?
    Same length, harder tension
  • What is an example of isotonic contraction?
    Pulling against gravity
  • What is eccentric contraction?
    Lengthening under tension
  • What are the major muscles in the upper body?
    • Pectorals
    • Trapezius
    • Deltoids
    • Orbicularis
    • Rhomboids
    • Latissimus Dorsi
    • Erector Spinae
    • Transverse Abdominis
    • Deltoid
    • Biceps
    • Triceps
    • Wrist flexors/extensors
  • What are the major muscles in the lower body?
    • Iliopsoas
    • Gluteus
    • Quadriceps Femoris
    • Vastus Lateralis
    • Vastus Medialis
    • Vastus Intermedius
    • Hamstrings (Bicep Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus)
    • Anterior Tibialis
    • Soleus
    • Gastrocnemius
  • What is the role of the agonist muscle?
    It is under the most tension
  • What is the role of the antagonist muscle?
    It supports the agonist
  • What is the function of a synergist muscle?
    Supports the agonist
  • What does a fastor muscle do?
    Holds isometrically to anchor position