Rubella

• What is another name for rubella?

  German measles
• What type of virus causes rubella?

  Togavirus of the genus Rubivirus
• How is rubella transmitted?

  Direct contact with infectious droplets
• What is the incubation period for rubella?

  14-21 days
• When is a person with rubella most infectious?

  7 days before symptoms to 4-10 days after rash
• How long does rubella usually last?

  About 7 days
• What type of immunity is developed after rubella infection?

  Lifelong immunity
• What vaccine has made rubella uncommon in the UK?

  MMR vaccine
• Can rubella be asymptomatic?

  Yes, it may be asymptomatic
• What is required for a rubella diagnosis?

  Lab confirmation
• What are common prodromal symptoms of rubella?

  Fever, malaise, respiratory symptoms
• Where does the rash from rubella typically start?

  On the face and neck
• How long does the rubella rash last?

  1. 4 days
• What color is the rubella rash typically?

  Red/pink but harder to see on darker skin
• What symptoms may accompany the rubella rash?

  Swollen glands and joint pain
• What serious complications can rubella cause during pregnancy?

  Miscarriage, stillbirth, congenital rubella syndrome
• What is the management approach for rubella?

  Symptomatic treatment, no cure
• What should be done to manage fever and aches in rubella?

  Use paracetamol or ibuprofen
• What practical measures should be taken to avoid spreading rubella?

  • Wash hands often with soap and water
  • Use tissues when coughing or sneezing
  • Dispose of used tissues properly
  • Avoid sharing cutlery, cups, and towels
  • Stay away from nursery/school/work for at least 5 days after rash
  • Avoid contact with pregnant individuals
• What should individuals do after recovering from rubella?

  Encourage outstanding vaccinations if appropriate
• is it a notifiable disease?

  A notifiable disease that requires reporting, with actions to prevent spread and arrange testing to confirm diagnosis.