Neo-Marxist

• What is Neo-Marxism?


  • New Marxism
  • consider more than just capitalism
  • criticise Marxists for saying W/C forced into crime
• Spectacular Subculture 


  Highly visible subculture who have different norms & values from mainstream society --> specific characteristics

  • Skinheads: shaved heads
  • Punks: bricolage
• CCCS --> CLARKE


  • Skinheads - violent
  • youth felt W/C identity was threatened due to economy
• CCCS --> JEFFERSON


  • Teddy Boys - territorial
  • excluded from employment during times of high employment
  • due to not doing as well in school
• CCCS --> HEBDIGE


  • MODS - Moral Panis (MODS vs Rockers)
  • W/C used money to create style of resistance against M/C
• CCCS --> HEBDIGE


  • Punks: intimidating
  • social class frustration
  • Bricolage: create own clothes from recycled materials (ripped jeans, safety pin earrings)
  • resisted against mainstream media & fashion
• Taylor et al 1972


  • Radical criminology
  • consider capitalism structure & interpretation of deviance
  • crime = resistance against capitalism
  • 6 interconnecting theories:

  1. wider origins of deviant act (inequalities)
  2. immediate origins of deviant act (personal circumstances)
  3. actual act
  4. immediate origins of deviant reactions (society reaction)
  5. wider origins of deviant reaction (people in power response)
  6. labelling/ outcome of reaction (response to deviants future)
• Hall 1978 - policing the crisis


  • Moral Panics & Labelling (Interactionists)
  • muggings associated with black males --> became scapegoats
  • early 70's saw unemployment rise --> strikes
  • form of control = force
  • race became an issue --> competition between races due to immigration
  • Moral Panics caused by muggings & higher diversity rates (race)
  • labels dispersed & tougher policing implemented
  • government took control --> proletariat blamed used as excuse for more policing (Box-Marxism)
• EVALUATION


  1. CCCS: Feminists believe its too male-stream focus solely on males
  2. Radical Criminology: Romanticised, Left realists believe prolateriat steal from rich to give to poor (Reality = W/C people suffer more than U/P) 'Robin Hood Thesis'