Gases

• Pressure = Force / Area
• Pressure of a gas:


  The force per unit area that it exerts normally to the surfaces of a container.
• The changes in the three variables, depending on the variable kept constant, there are different names associated with the changes.

  • Isothermal (Temperature constant)
  • Isobaric (Pressure constant)
  • Isochoric (Volume constant)
• Brownian Motion:


  The random motion of a particle. This can be visualised by a smoke particle of surrounding substances colliding at random with the particle.
• Molar Mass (mass of 1 mole) = Mass of substance / Number of moles

  M = m/n

  Dividing by Avogadro's constant gives the gives mass per molecule in the mass.

  PV=nRT

  PV/T= constant of number of moles (n) * molar gas constant (R)
• P V = N k T

  Boltzmann constant is k=R/Avogadro's number


  Number of molecules (N) = number of moles (n) times by Avogadro's number of particles in one mole.
• Internal Energy of gas = 3/2 * nRT
• C(rms) is dependent on temperature due to both of them linking to kinetic energy.

  This means as long as temperature is constant, the c(rms) does NOT change.

  0.5mc^2=1.5kT

  T∝c^2