Lesson 7

• What leads to negative feelings according to the definition of frustrations?

  Blocking of needs and desires
• What does a career represent in terms of personal potential?

  A path where potential is maximized
• How is mental health defined?

  The psychological state of an individual
• What does well-being encompass in relation to mental health?

  A holistic view including physical, spiritual, and psychological wellness
• How can well-being affect an individual's mental health?

  It can promote the mental health of the individual
• What are the signs of failing mental health?

  • Depression
  • Anxiety
  • Sudden mood and behavior changes
  • Poor performance
• What is the purpose of defense mechanisms?

  To assist individuals in adapting and coping
• How do defense mechanisms operate?

  They operate unconsciously
• What is the primary function of defense mechanisms in relation to the ego?

  They protect the ego
• How do defense mechanisms distort reality?

  By altering perceptions to protect the self
• What are the types of defense mechanisms?

  1. Projection
  2. Rationalization
  3. Displacement
  4. Repression
  5. Egocentrism
  6. Reaction formation
  7. Regression
  8. Identification
• What is projection in defense mechanisms?

  Transferring unacceptable traits to others
• Give an example of projection.


  Accusing someone of cheating when you cheat
• What does rationalization involve?

  Inventing excuses for inadequate behavior
• Provide an example of rationalization.

  Blaming the teacher for failing an exam
• What is displacement in defense mechanisms?

  Shifting reactions to less threatening objects
• Give an example of displacement.

  Punching someone smaller after being bullied
• What does repression involve?

  Unconscious forgetting of painful experiences
• Provide an example of repression.

  A child forgetting abuse but struggling with relationships
• What is egocentrism in defense mechanisms?

  Pretending to have superior qualities
• Give an example of egocentrism.

  Insisting one is always right
• What does reaction formation involve?

  Behaving opposite to intended feelings
• Provide an example of reaction formation.

  Bullying someone you are attracted to
• What is regression in defense mechanisms?

  Acting like an earlier phase of life
• Give an example of regression.


  Crying when forgetting to submit activities
• What does identification involve?

  Enhancing self-esteem by imitating others
• Provide an example of identification.

  Imitating a teacher's actions
• What life instances can negatively affect mental health?

  • Seeking freedom from parental supervision
  • Unproductive use of leisure time
  • Sexual/Romantic relationships
  • Peer adjustment
  • Career choice
• What are ways to achieve good mental health?

  • Secure home life
  • Good family support
  • Opportunities for self-expression
  • Protection from high-emotional tension
  • Awareness of emotional tension factors
• What are ways to maintain good mental health?

  • Be available for recreational activities
  • Choose friends wisely
  • Avoid having enemies
  • Practice your religion