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Exercise
Bioenergetics
42 cards
Cards (83)
What process must a plant carry out to grow and survive?
Photosynthesis
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Where does photosynthesis take place in a plant?
In the leaves, specifically in chloroplasts
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What pigment in chloroplasts absorbs light?
Chlorophyll
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What does chlorophyll absorb from the environment?
Light energy
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What are the reactants in the photosynthesis equation?
Carbon dioxide and water
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What is produced alongside glucose during photosynthesis?
Oxygen
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What does the equation for photosynthesis look like using chemical symbols?
6
CO<sub>2</sub>
+ 6 H<sub>2</sub>O →
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>
+ 6 O<sub>2</sub>
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Why is light written above the reaction line in the photosynthesis equation?
Because the reaction requires light energy
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What type of reaction is photosynthesis classified as?
Endothermic reaction
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How does energy transfer occur in photosynthesis?
From the environment to
chloroplasts
by light
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How does carbon dioxide enter the leaves?
Through the
stomata
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How is water transported to the leaves?
By the
xylem
from the
roots
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What is the main product that plants want from photosynthesis?
Glucose
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What is one use of glucose in plants?
For
cellular respiration
to release energy
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How can glucose be thought of in terms of energy?
As a
battery
storing energy
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What are the five main uses of glucose in plants?
Cellular respiration
for energy
Making
cellulose
for cell walls
Making
starch
for long-term storage
Making
amino acids
with
nitrate ions
Making
oils and fats
for energy storage
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Why is starch preferred for long-term storage in plants?
It is more
compact
and
insoluble
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When do plants typically break down starch to glucose?
When
photosynthesis
isn't happening much
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How do plants make amino acids?
By combining
glucose
with
nitrate ions
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What is the final use of glucose mentioned for plants?
Making oils and fats for
energy storage
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What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Light intensity
, temperature,
CO<sub>2</sub>
concentration,
chlorophyll
amount
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What is the relationship between glucose and plant growth rate?
Growth rate depends on
photosynthesis
speed
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What do plants need to carry out photosynthesis?
Light, carbon dioxide, temperature,
chlorophyll
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How does chlorophyll affect photosynthesis?
Less
chlorophyll
means
less
photosynthesis
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What can cause variations in chlorophyll levels in plants?
Disease, environmental stress, lack of
nutrients
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What are the main limiting factors for photosynthesis?
Light,
carbon dioxide
, temperature
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What does a graph with light intensity on the x-axis show?
Rate of photosynthesis
increases with light intensity
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What happens to the rate of photosynthesis at high light intensity?
It plateaus due to other
limiting factors
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How does carbon dioxide concentration affect photosynthesis?
Higher concentration increases the rate until it
plateaus
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What is the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis?
Rate increases then decreases after
enzymes
denature
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At what temperature do enzymes involved in photosynthesis fully denature?
About 45 degrees Celsius
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What does a graph with two curves represent in photosynthesis experiments?
Different experiments with varying
conditions
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How can comparing two curves on a graph help identify limiting factors?
It shows which factor affects the
rate
more
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What do farmers do to create optimal conditions for photosynthesis?
Use greenhouses, artificial light, and
CO2
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Why do farmers use greenhouses?
To trap heat and increase
temperature
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How do farmers provide artificial light for plants?
By using
lamps
to extend
photosynthesis
time
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What is the benefit of using fertilizers in farming?
Ensures
plants
have essential
minerals
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What must farmers consider when increasing production costs?
Extra costs versus
potential yield increase
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What are the conditions that affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Light intensity
Carbon dioxide concentration
Temperature
Amount of
chlorophyll
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How do farmers use conditions to their advantage for crop growth?
Greenhouses to trap heat
Artificial lighting for extended growth
CO2
enrichment for higher rates
Fertilizers for
essential
nutrients
Pesticides
to control pests
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See all 83 cards
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