Ethics and Deviance

• What are ethics in the context of sports?

  Rules dictating individual conduct in sports
• How do ethics influence sports conduct?

  They form a system for judging behavior
• What does deviance refer to in a cultural context?

  Unacceptable behavior within a culture
• How is deviance perceived in society?

  As behavior differing from social norms
• What are examples of deviance in sports?

  Illegal drug use and blood doping
• What was revealed about the Russian athletics team in 2015?

  They were involved in drug-taking scandals
• How can drug use affect an athlete's health?

  It can seriously harm health and well-being
• What is blood doping?

  A process to increase red blood cell count
• Why do athletes use blood doping?

  To transport more oxygen to muscles
• What is the typical procedure for blood doping?

  Remove and re-inject athlete's blood
• Which athletes commonly use blood doping?

  Endurance athletes like runners and cyclists
• What are the main performance-enhancing drugs?

  • Anabolic steroids: increase strength and aggression
  • Beta blockers: control heart rate and calm athletes
  • Stimulants: increase alertness (e.g., amphetamines)
• What are some prohibited classes of substances in sports?

  Narcotic analgesics and anabolic agents
• What are prohibited methods in sports?

  Blood doping and oxygen transfer enhancement
• What are examples of legal supplements?

  Vitamins and minerals
• Why are legal supplements accepted in sports?

  They do not significantly enhance performance
• What are the risks associated with legal supplements?

  They may contain banned substances or contaminants
• What are the potential health issues from prolonged use of creatine?

  Digestive issues and increased cancer risk
• What philosophical argument exists against taking supplements?

  Not all performers have equal access
• What motivates elite performers to use illegal drugs?

  Pressure to succeed from various sources
• How did political pressures influence drug use in sports?

  Politicians want national success in sports
• What was the East German doping regime?

  A state-sponsored doping program for athletes
• What are the monetary rewards for successful athletes?

  Prize money and lucrative sponsorship deals
• What is a common justification for using performance-enhancing drugs?

  Belief that "everyone else is doing it"
• What are the consequences of drug use in sports?

  Challenges the concept of fair play
• How does society view the use of illegal drugs in sports?

  As corrupt and unethical behavior
• What is WADA's role in sports?

  Responsible for drug testing and regulations
• What challenges does WADA face in drug detection?

  Manufacturers create new undetectable drugs
• What are the strategies to combat drug use in sports?

  • Create a culture against drug use
  • Implement thorough drug testing programs
  • Educate athletes on health risks
• What is the impact of drug scandals on sports?

  Loss of sponsorship and public support
• How can society respond to drug use in sports?

  Challenge unethical behaviors and promote fairness
• What organization was established in 1999 for drug testing in sports?

  WADA
• What is one of WADA's responsibilities?

  To fund research on doping
• Why do manufacturers of illegal drugs stay ahead of regulators?

  They continuously develop new substances
• What is a consequence of drug testing in sports?

  It helps deter athletes from doping
• What are the arguments for the legalization of drugs in sports?

  • Problems with detection
  • Ethical considerations
  • Potential regulation of drug use
• What is the consequence for athletes found guilty of doping as of 2015?

  Four-year ban
• What happens if an athlete tests positive for doping a second time?

  They receive a lifetime ban
• How might stronger punishments affect drug misuse in sports?

  They may reduce incidents of drug misuse
• What might discourage athletes from taking performance-enhancing drugs?

  Fear of losing achievements