Cognitive

• What area do cognitive psychologists study that behaviorists neglect?

  Internal mental processes
• How do cognitive psychologists study internal mental processes?

  By making inferences
• Give an example of an internal mental process.

  Memory
• What does 'inference' mean in cognitive psychology?

  Drawing conclusions from indirect evidence
• What is a schema in cognitive psychology?

  • Mental frameworks
  • Help interpret and organize information
  • Prevent overwhelm from stimuli
  • Can lead to perceptual errors
• How do schemas affect our interpretation of new information?

  They help organize it with existing knowledge
• What is the Multi-Store Model (MSM) in cognitive psychology?


  A model explaining how memory works
• What are the components of the Multi-Store Model?

  Sensory Memory, STM, LTM
• What do cognitive psychologists propose about the human brain and computers?

  • The brain works like a computer
  • Codes information into usable formats
  • Stores information in specific areas
• What brain imaging techniques have advanced cognitive neuroscience?

  fMRI and PET scans
• What is cognitive neuroscience?

  The study of the neurological basis of cognition
• What area of the brain is responsible for speech production?

  Broca's area
• What is a limitation of laboratory studies in cognitive psychology?

  They often lack mundane realism
• What is an example of artificial stimuli in memory research?

  Word lists
• Why do artificial stimuli lead to tasks lacking mundane realism?

  They do not reflect everyday memory use
• What are some practical applications of the cognitive approach?

  • Artificial intelligence
  • Treatment of depression and OCD
  • Improved reliability of eyewitness testimony
• What does reductionism mean in psychology?

  Oversimplifying complex behaviors
• Why is the cognitive approach considered reductionist?

  It oversimplifies behavior to computer processing
• What is soft determinism in the context of the cognitive approach?

  Free choice within limits of knowledge
• What stance do many commentators take on the behaviorist approach?

  It is an extreme position