Techniques

• Declarative Sentence


  Statement that gives information (eg. this is a piece of paper)
• Imperative Sentence


  Statements that gives orders (eg. ''you will stop what you're doing and listen'')
• Interrogative Sentence


  Statements that ask question (eg. ''when is lunch?'')
• Exclamative sentences


  Statements that exclaim something with an exclamation mark (eg. ''It's lunch time!'')
• Short sentence length


  Creates a dramatic effect on a sentence, such as tension.
• Long sentence


  Used to add a lot of descriptive detail into a sentence.
• Embedded Clause


  Adds detail or description to a sentence using brackets, commas, or hyphens
• Simple sentence


  Sentence with one subject and one verb
• Alliteration


  The repetition of the same sound, especially at the beginning of words
• Allusion


  A reference to another event, person, place, or work
• Ambiguity


  Language where the meaning is unclear or has multiple interpretations
• Anaphora


  Repetition at the start of a sentence or statement
• Antithesis


  A person or thing that is the opposite of something else- direct contrast (eg. love and hate)
• Colloquial


  Ordinary everyday speech and language (eg. slang or dialect)
• Connotation


  An implied meaning
• Dramatic Irony


  When the audience know something the characters on stage do not
• Hyperbole


  The deliberate use of exaggeration to emphasise a point.
• Onomatopoeia


  where a word makes the sound of the thing it describes.
• Simile


  A comparison where one thing is described as something else, using 'like' or 'as'.
• Metaphor


  A comparison where one thing is described in terms of something else.
• Pathetic Fallacy


  Involves giving human emotions to non-human objects. (It is often used to create atmosphere by suggesting that the weather or other natural phenomena have feelings)
• Personification


  A comparison where something non-human (inanimate) is described in human terms.
• Synaesthesia 


  Where one sense is used to represent another, or where a sense is used to add meaning to an unrelated experience (eg. feeling blue= sadness)
• Synecdoche


  This means using part of something to represent the whole (eg. saying a 'set of wheels' to describe a whole car)
• Repetition


  When single words, or groups of words, are repeated.
• Lists


  If a list is present, look at the order in which the points are listed. If they lead up to the most important item at the end, there is a build-up to a climax.
• Contrast/Juxtaposition


  Individual words or groups of words can be placed side by side – in juxtaposition – to stress the contrast between ideas.
• Parenthesis


  Where extra information is included in the middle of a sentence, contained within dashes, brackets or commas.
• Ellipsis


  Where three dots (...) are used to indicate something more could be added.
• Word Choice


  Consider what the advantage was of using the word selected for the text and think about the connotations of the word. Another aspect could be whether the language is informal or formal.
• Tone


   Refers to the attitude that a writer conveys towards a subject. It could be that emotional language is used - this is known as an emotive tone. Other kinds of tone you may encounter in a piece of writing include light-hearted, ironic, sarcastic, angry, gloomy, anxious, joyful or sorrowful.