Naming compounds

• Suffix and prefixes

  Alkanes = - ane

  Alkenes = - ene

  Haloalkanes = chloro - , bromo - iodo - and fluoro -

  Alcohols = - ol

  Aldehydes= al

  Ketones = - one

  Carboxylic acids - oic acid
• Naming esters

  First name is alcohol e.g. methyl, ethyl then its followed by the carboxylic acid e.g. methanoate, ethanoate
• Naming amines

  It can be either ammino as a prefix used or amine as a suffix e.g. amminomethane or methylamine
• Naming acylations

  • Acid chlorides would have the longest carbon group name with -oyl at the end e.g.methanoyl chloride.
  • Esters - alcohol first then carboxylic acid
  • Acid anhydrides - would be the carboxylic acid name in alphabetical order e.g. ethanoic propanoic anhydride
• N -substituted amides

  The name would the carbon chain bonded to the N e.g. methyl, ethyl and the carboxylic acid bit with amide at the end instead of -oate
• Naming ammonium salts

  The name of this ammonium salt would be ethyltrimethylammonium chloride

  
• Naming amides

  This name would be ethylmethylamine or can be N-methylethanamine