Bulk transport

• What does exocytosis transport out of the cell?

  Signalling chemicals or waste products
• What is the definition of bulk transport?

  Movement of large molecules across membranes
• What are two examples of bulk transport?

  Exocytosis and endocytosis
• How does exocytosis function?

  It transports large molecules out of cells
• What is the role of ATP in bulk transport?

  Provides energy for vesicle movement
• What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?

  Endocytosis using receptor proteins
• What triggers endocytosis in receptor-mediated endocytosis?

  Binding of target molecule to receptor
• How can pathogens exploit receptor-mediated endocytosis?

  By binding to receptors to enter cells
• What is pinocytosis?

  Cell drinking of extracellular fluid
• What is phagocytosis?

  Cell eating of solid particles
• What happens during endocytosis?

  Particles are enclosed in a vesicle
• How does the plasma membrane change during endocytosis?

  It invaginates to form a pocket
• What is required for the vesicle to pinch off during endocytosis?

  Specialized proteins assist in the process
• What is the relationship between bulk transport and ATP?

  Bulk transport requires lots of ATP
• What are the main types of bulk transport mechanisms?

  • Exocytosis: transports substances out of cells
  • Endocytosis: brings substances into cells
• What are the steps involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis?

  1. Receptor proteins capture target molecules
  2. Binding triggers endocytosis
  3. Coated pit forms and pinches off
  4. Coated vesicle is created
• What are the differences between pinocytosis and phagocytosis?

  • Pinocytosis: "cell drinking," takes in fluids
  • Phagocytosis: "cell eating," engulfs solids