Digestive System

• Mesentery - structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall.
• Villi - fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area for absorption
• Peyer's patches - large collections of lymphoid tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine
• Circular folds - deep folds of the mucosa and submucosa that extend completely or partially around the circumference of the small intestine.
• Oral cavity and stomach, regions that break down food stuffs mechanically.
• Tongue - mobile organ that manipulates food in the mouth and initiates swallowing.
• Pharynx - conduit for both air and food
• Greater omentum, lesser omentum, mesentery are the three structures continuous with and representing modifications of the peritonuem.
• Esophagus - the "gullet"; no digestive/absorptive function.
• Rugae - folds of the gastric mucosa
• Haustra - sacculations of the large intestine.
• Microvilli - projections of the plasma membrane of a mucosal epithilial cell.
• Ileocecal valve - valve at the junction of the small and large intestines.
• Small intestines - primary region of food and water absorption
• Frenulum - membrane securing the tongue to the floor of the mouth.
• Large intestine - absorbs water and forms feces
• Vestibule - are between the teeth and lips/cheeks
• Appendix - wormlike sac that outpockets from the cecum.
• Stomach - initiates protein digestion.
• Lesser omentum - structure attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach.
• Small intestine - location of the hepatopancreatic sphincter through which pancreatic secretions and bile pass.
• Parietal peritonuem - serous lining of the abdominal cavity wall
• Large intestine - principal site for the synthesis of vitamin K by microorganism
• Anus - region containing two sphincters through which feces are expelled from the body.
• Hard palate - a bone-supported anterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity
• Small intestine - distal to the stomach
• Pyloric valve - valve controlling food movement from the stomach into the duodenum
• Soft palate - posterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity