History america 1920-1973

• What is mass production?


  Making lots of the same product
• How do assembly lines function in mass production?


  Goods are moved along the line for repetitive tasks
• What task might a worker perform on an assembly line?

  Fitting the steering wheel on every car
• What was the significance of the conveyor belt in mass production?

  It increased the speed of production
• When was the first Model T made and what was its cost?

  1911, cost $1200
• How frequently was a Model T produced by the 1920s?

  Every 10 seconds
• What was the price of a Model T in 1920?

  $295
• What percentage of cars sold were Model Ts?

  Half of all cars sold
• What was a common feature of Model Ts?

  Same colour, size, and engines
• How many people did Ford employ?

  Half a million people
• How did Ford's wages policy differ for black and white workers?

  Paid the same wages to both
• Which industries grew due to the car industry?

  Steel, rubber, glass, leather, and oil
• What was the impact of cars on suburban growth?

  Enabled people to live on outskirts and commute
• What consumer goods were produced using mass production?

  Radios, telephones, fridges, vacuum cleaners
• How did mass production affect the prices of goods?

  The more made, the cheaper they became
• What was the percentage increase in real wages for industrial workers during the 1920s?

  26%
• What new industries emerged in America during the 1920s?

  Artificial silk, Bakelite, electricity, and cellophane
• What was the unemployment rate in 1921 and 1929?

  11.9% in 1921, 3.2% in 1929
• What was the Republican government's policy towards industries?

  Non-interference (laissez-faire)
• How did the government help consumers afford new goods?

  Lowered taxes on incomes
• What is hire purchase?

  Buying on credit in instalments
• What percentage of radios were bought on credit?

  8 out of 10 radios
• What does buying on the margin mean?

  Buying shares with a small deposit
• What happens if the value of shares falls when bought on the margin?

  You lose money and owe debt
• When was mass advertising first used?


  During WW1
• What types of products were advertised using mass advertising?

  Cigarettes, clothes, and cars
• How did mail order affect demand for goods?

  Increased demand in rural areas
• What is the cycle of prosperity?

  • Factories make lots of goods
  • They need more workers
  • Workers have good wages
  • Workers can afford to buy goods
  • Increased demand leads to more production and profit
  • People move to cities for work
  • Demand increases even more
• What was the Fordney-McCumber Tariff of 1922?


  Taxed foreign goods to encourage American buying
• What was the Roaring Twenties known for?

  A period of adventure and prosperity
• Who was the first person to fly non-stop from America to Paris?

  Charles Lindbergh
• How many skyscrapers were there in America by 1929?

  400 skyscrapers
• What was the tallest building in the world in 1931?

  Empire State Building
• How did sports events change during the Roaring Twenties?

  Attracted hundreds of thousands of spectators
• Who was Babe Ruth?

  Star of the New York Yankees
• Who was Jack Dempsey?

  A boxing legend
• How many people watched Jack Dempsey's championship fight in 1926?

  120,000 people
• What was jazz music developed from?

  Early types of black music
• Who were famous jazz musicians?

  Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong
• Where was jazz often played?

  In speakeasies