[2.4] Hand Tools and Portable Power Tools

• TOOLS


  Any instrument used to safely ease work.
• HAND TOOLS


  Tools operated by hand manually; used to perform small work where large machines cannot function; a most basic and essential instrument for work in design, construction, maintenance, and repair.
• ACCORDING TO WHO USES THE TOOL

  • Carpenter’s Tools
  • Mason’s Tools
  • Mechanic’s Tools
  • Machinist’s Tools
• ACCORDING TO THE MATERIAL THE TOOLS ARE USED

  • Woodworking Tools
  • Sheet Metal Tools
  • Cement and Masonry Tools
• ACCORDING TO THE FUNCTION OF THE TOOL

  • Layout Tools
  • Cutting Tools
  • Boring Tools
  • Driving Tools
  • Holding Tools
  • Turning Tools
  • Digging Tools
• LAYOUT TOOLS


  Tools used to measure or mark wood, metal, and other materials.
• CUTTING TOOLS


  Tools used to cut, chop, saw, or otherwise remove material.
• LAYOUT

  1. steel tape
  2. carpenter level
  3. mortise gauge
  4. bevel square
  5. try square
  6. combination square
  7. caliper
  8. framing square
  9. steel rule
  10. spring joint rule
  11. scratch awl
  12. inside caliper
  13. outside caliper
  14. divider
• CUTTING


  1. hack saw
  2. compass saw
  3. rip saw
  4. crosscut saw
  5. rivet cutter
  6. cold chisel
  7. cape chisel
  8. diagonal cutting pliers
  9. side cutting pliers
  10. tinner's snips
  11. bolt cutter
  12. flat file
  13. round file
  14. taper file
  15. wood chisel
  16. pipe cutter
  17. shingle hatchet
  18. standard half hatchet
  19. tap and reamer wrench
  20. boiler tap
  21. jack plane
  22. smoothing plane
  23. draw knife
• CROSSCUT SAW

  • have the orientation of the teeth alternating on the left and right
  • cut the fibers of the wood
  • cuts across the fibers of the wood
• RIP SAW

  • has straight teeth
  • shave off the fibers of the wood
  • cuts along the fibers of the wood
• BORING TOOLS


  The tool is used to create holes or increase the size of holes and change their shape.
• BORING


  1. box drill
  2. hand drill
  3. breast drill
  4. bit brace
  5. expansion bit
  6. taper shank twist drill
  7. hand reamer
  8. straight shank twist drill
• DRIVING TOOLS


  Tool used to move another tool or object.
• DRIVING


  1. drift punch
  2. center punch
  3. ripping claw hammer
  4. curve claw hammer
  5. ball peen hammer
  6. rivet hammer
  7. blacksmith's hammer
  8. mallet
• HOLDING TOOLS


  Tool used to grip wood, metal, plastic, and other materials.
• HOLDING


  1. level wrench pliers
  2. slip joint pliers
  3. blacksmith's tong
  4. flaring tool
  5. metal vise
  6. C-clamp
• TURNING TOOLS


  Tool used to turn nuts, bolts, screws, and other threaded materials.
• TURNING


  1. alien wrench
  2. pipe wrench
  3. adjustable wrench
  4. box wrench
  5. open end box wrench
  6. Phillips screwdriver
  7. standard screwdriver
  8. pressure wrench
  9. torque wrench
  10. socket ratchet
  11. open end wrench
• DIGGING TOOLS


  Tool used to turn up, loosen, or remove earth.
• DIGGING


  1. spading fork
  2. long handle spade
  3. long handle shovel
  4. pick method
  5. cutter mattock
  6. hole digger
  7. hand trowel
  8. cultivator
  9. bulb planter
  10. garden rake
  11. garden hoe
  12. turf edger
• OTHER TOOLS


  All tools that do not fit into specific tool classifications are mentioned.
• OTHER


  1. feeler gauge
  2. pickup tool
  3. wrecking bar
  4. pointed crescent trowel
  5. putty knife
• PORTABLE POWER TOOLS


  tools that can operate in a similar principle to hand tools, but power is derived from electric motors
• PORTABLE DRILL


  The tool is used for drilling holes, enlarging holes, fastening screws, sanding, and polishing.
• PORTABLE SANDER


  Smoothens wood and other materials faster and easier by abrasion with sandpapers.
• PORTABLE BELT SANDER


  Characterized by belt abrasion which is used to smoothen flat and wide surfaces.
• PORTABLE DISC SANDER


  Characterized by disc abrasion which is used to smoothen uneven and curved surfaces and edges. Disc may also be replaced with a circular blade which can be used for cutting wood and metal.
• PORTABLE FINISHING SANDER


  Characterized by rotating circular abrasion which is used for fine sanding and finishing which often produces a smooth and glossy finish to the wood.
• PORTABLE SAW


  Used for cutting wood, metal, and plastic materials faster and more efficiently.
• SABRE SAW


  Characterized by a rectangular blade moving in the vertical direction that is frequently used in cutting plywood and sheet materials that are laid down horizontally to the ground. Also used performing detailed cuts.
• JIG SAW


  Most popular type of sabre saw
• RECIPROCATING SAW


  Characterized by a tapered blade reciprocating in horizontal the direction that is frequently used in cutting rows and columns.
• CIRCULAR SAW


  Characterized by a rotating circular blade that is often used to cut long tubes, wood columns, and angle bars.
• POWER ROUTER


  Used to cut grooves and ornamental shapes on faces and edges of wood and other soft materials. Used in making various wood joints and creating decorative shapes on wood. Changing the bits or the cutting tool of the power router produces different types of grooves and cuts.