Water

• What is the chemical formula for water?

  H₂O
• How many hydrogen atoms are bonded to one water molecule?

  Two hydrogen atoms
• What type of molecule is water?

  Polar molecule
• Why is oxygen in water considered electronegative?

  It attracts electrons more strongly
• What role does water play in biological systems?

  It acts as a solvent for many molecules
• What happens to substances in water?

  They dissolve in it
• What type of substances dissolve in polar solvents like water?

  Polar substances
• What attracts the more negative pole of water during dissolving?

  Negative atoms of solute
• What is the specific heat capacity of water?

  Energy to raise 1g by 1°C
• Why do most organisms require a low temperature to survive?

  High latent heat capacity of water
• What is the effect of water evaporation on temperature?

  It provides a cooling effect
• What is the consequence of high specific heat capacity in water?

  Buffers rapid temperature changes
• What is cohesion in the context of water molecules?

  Attraction between same type molecules
• Why are water molecules very cohesive?

  Due to their polarity
• How does cohesion benefit transpiration in plants?

  Allows water to flow in xylem
• What is the result of strong cohesion in water when in contact with air?

  Strong surface tension
• What are the key properties of water that make it essential for life?

  • Polar molecule
  • Excellent solvent for biological molecules
  • High specific heat capacity
  • High latent heat of vaporization
  • Cohesion and surface tension