LONGQUIZ

    Cards (120)

    • What is the estimated age of the Earth?
      1. 57 billion years
    • How many eons are there in Earth's history?
      Four eons
    • What are the names of the four eons of Earth?
      • Hadean
      • Archean
      • Proterozoic
      • Phanerozoic
    • What does the term "Hadean" refer to in Earth's history?
      It describes Earth's early, hostile conditions
    • What significant event occurred around 4.4 billion years ago?
      Theia collided with Earth
    • What is the only surviving terrestrial material from the Hadean eon?
      Zircon crystals
    • What characterized the Archean eon?
      Emergence of life and tapering asteroid bombardment
    • What are the oldest known fossils from the Archean eon?
      1. 48-billion-year-old stromatolites
    • What are cratons?
      Remnants of ancient continents
    • What significant event began the Proterozoic eon?
      A gradual increase in atmospheric oxygen
    • How much oxygen was in Earth's atmosphere at the end of the Archean?
      100,000 times less than today
    • What type of organisms evolved during the Proterozoic?
      Unicellular eukaryotes
    • What are the oldest indisputable animal fossils called?
      Ediacara Fauna
    • What was the significance of the supercontinent Nuna?
      It was the first supercontinent formed
    • What triggered the massive ice age during the Proterozoic?
      Glaciers formed over the south pole
    • What is the term for the period when most of Earth's surface was covered with ice?
      Snowball Earth
    • What are the three eons commonly grouped into the Precambrian?
      • Hadean
      • Archean
      • Proterozoic
    • What types of organisms flourished during the Cambrian period?
      Bright green algae and armored arthropods
    • What eon are we currently living in?
      Phanerozoic eon
    • What are the key events in Earth's history from the Hadean to the Phanerozoic eon?
      1. Formation of Earth (4.57 billion years ago)
      2. Hadean eon: hostile conditions, Theia impact
      3. Archean eon: emergence of life, formation of cratons
      4. Proterozoic eon: increase in oxygen, evolution of multicellular life
      5. Cambrian explosion: diversification of life forms
      6. Current eon: Phanerozoic
    • At the end of which eon did we pause our story of Earth’s history?
      Proterozoic eon
    • What is the first era of the Phanerozoic Eon?
      Paleozoic Era
    • How long did the Paleozoic Era last?
      541 to 252 million years ago
    • What significant event marks the beginning of the Paleozoic Era?
      The Cambrian explosion
    • What does the Burgess shale provide insight into?
      Strange creatures of the Paleozoic
    • What factor influenced the rapid radiation of animals during the Cambrian?
      Lack of predators
    • Where did life begin during the Paleozoic Era?
      In the oceans
    • What were the first vertebrates to walk on land?
      Amphibians
    • What geological event occurred along Eastern North America during the Paleozoic?
      Mountain building
    • What is the first orogeny called, and when did it occur?
      Taconic Orogeny, 450 million years ago
    • What mountain range was formed by the Alleghanian Orogeny?
      The Appalachian Mountains
    • What significant geological event concluded the Paleozoic Era?
      The assembly of the supercontinent Pangea
    • What is the Carboniferous Period known for?
      Large deposits of coal
    • How does coal form during the Carboniferous Period?
      When plant tissues are rapidly buried
    • What conditions are necessary for the rapid burial of organic material to form coal?
      Anoxic conditions in swamps
    • What caused rapid fluctuations in sea level during the Carboniferous Period?
      Formation and melting of glaciers
    • What might not have occurred without Carboniferous glaciers?
      The Industrial Revolution
    • What were the key transformations during the Paleozoic Era?
      • Evolution of diverse organisms
      • Colonization of land by vascular plants
      • Development of amphibians from fish
      • Formation of the Appalachian Mountains
      • Creation of coal deposits during the Carboniferous Period
    • What were the major orogenies during the Paleozoic Era?
      1. Taconic Orogeny (450 million years ago)
      2. Acadian Orogeny (380 million years ago)
      3. Alleghanian Orogeny (300 million years ago)
    • What are the two types of cell division?
      Mitosis and meiosis
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