TNC : WALMART

• Walmart is a chain of department stores that sells food , clothing , electronic , with 10,500 stores in 20 countries
• has 2.1 million employees
• headquarters located in Roger in Arkansas in US , manufacturing done in LIC e.g electronic goods made in China and clothing is made in India
• Walmart has gained the acquistion of various retail companies around the world:

  • ASDA
  • Seiyu , Japan
  • Woolco , Canda
• Wal-mart and Bharti Enterprises are opening new walmart stores all over India
• marketing strats focused on promoting :

  • low prices
  • high quality products
  • commitment to sustainability
• Walmart Plus entices customers to shop at their store , costs $13 a month
• benefits of Walmart plus:

  • unlimited free delivery on orders over $35
  • member prices on fuel at Walmart and Murphy stations
  • 6 months free of spotify premium and Paramount+ Essential plan subscription free
• positive economic impacts in USA:

  • setting up new stores has created jobs , expanded store opened In Milpitas in California opened in 2015 , created 80 jobs
• negative economic impacts in US:

  • decline in manufacturing industry - Walmart buys supplies from outside USA , loss of manufacturing jobs in USA
  • causes local businesses to shut down - can't match lower prices. Unemployment
• Walmart is one of the cheapest supermarkets in the USA
• social positive economic USA impacts:

  • consumers with wide choice of goods
  • Walmart stores open 24 hours a day , consumers shop when they want
• negative social economic USA impacts:

  • many jobs poorly paid and have little benefits (e.g healthcare) , have to rely on state
  • poor working conditions - long working hours
• positive environment impacts in the USA:

  • opened 'green stores' , rely on renewable energy to counter gas emissions
• negative environmental impacts in the USA:

  • produce large amounts of gas
  • large stores take up large amounts of land , have to drive to out of state, causes pollution
• positive economic impacts on host countries:

  • creates jobs in construction , manufacturing and retail services
  • local farmers supply Walmart with goods , 6000 candian suppliers
  • local suppliers to Walmart can export goods to other countries, grows buisness
• positive social impacts on host countries:

  • offers skilled jobs in less developed stores in China managed by local people
  • poorest host countries' Walmarts offer more reliable wages
  • Donations - $2 million to communities in West Africa after local disaster , 2015
• positive environmental impacts on host countries:

  • walmart invests in environmentally friendly technologies and sustainable development
• negative economic impacts on host countries:

  • forces supplies to accept low prices for products
  • local companies can't compete with range of products in Walmart
  • profit from stores sent to USA , doesn't stay in host's economy
• negative social impacts on host countries:

  • working conditions may be poor - long hours
• negative environmental impacts on host countries:

  • stores use large areas of land for factories and stores - destroys habitats , decrease in biodiversity
• 1980 : reached $1 billion in annual sales. has 276 stores
• 1994 : expansion into Canda with 122 Woolco stores
• 1997 : first stores open in China
• 2011: expansion into South Africa - 10,000 stores around the world

  2013 : expansion into India
• 2019: First Walmart Health Center Opens