Electricity

• What is electric charge?

  Electric charge is a basic property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electric or magnetic field.
• Why are conductors important in electrical circuits?

  They allow electricity to flow easily.
• Name four materials that are good conductors of electricity.

  • Copper
  • Silver
  • Aluminum
  • Gold
• What is graphite?

  Graphite is a form of carbon that conducts electricity.
• Why are solutions of salt water good conductors of electricity?

  • Salt water contains dissolved ions
  • Ions allow for charge transport, facilitating current flow.
• Name two acidic or basic solutions that conduct electricity.

  • Lemon juice
  • Vinegar in water
• What role do insulators play in electrical circuits?

  They block the flow of electricity.
• What are the two main power sources in electrical systems?

  • Mains electricity
  • Batteries
• List two uses of electricity in modern society.

  • Providing light, sound, information, and entertainment.
  • Powering machines for remote sensing and control systems.
• What are three main challenges related to electricity generation and use?

  1. Power stations need replacement over time due to wear.
  2. Growing electricity demand necessitates continuous building of more power stations.
  3. Ensuring a sustainable future requires utilizing a mix of energy sources.
• In which century were the basic principles of electricity and magnetism discovered?

  19th century.
• How does electric current flow and what are its purposes?

  • Electric current flows around circuits
  • It powers circuit components such as lamps, motors, and buzzers.
• What happens to a lamp when electric current flows through it?

  It lights up.
• What is the role of a fuse in an electrical circuit?

  It breaks the circuit if too much current flows through.
• What is the function of a diode in a circuit?

  It allows current to flow in only one direction.
• What is a voltmeter used for in an electrical circuit?

  It measures potential difference.
• What is the role of a cell in an electrical circuit?

  It is the source of potential difference (PD).
• What is the purpose of a resistor in a circuit?

  It has a designated resistance to electric current.
• What is a thermistor?

  A resistor whose resistance decreases when heated.
• What is an LED?

  A diode that emits light when a voltage is applied.
• What does an ammeter measure in an electrical circuit?

  It measures electric current.
• What is a battery?

  Two or more cells connected together.
• What is another term for a resistor whose resistance can be changed?

  Variable resistor.
• What is a light dependent resistor (LDR) and its function?

  • A resistor whose resistance varies depending on light intensity
  • Used to control current based on ambient light levels.
• What is charge flow in a circuit?

  The total amount of electrical charge moving through a circuit.
• What happens to current flow in a circuit if the switch is not closed?

  Current cannot flow through.
• What is the term for a wire used to complete an electrical circuit?

  Conductor.
• What are the current carriers in a metallic conductor?

  Electrons.
• What symbol represents charge?

  Q.
• What symbol represents time?

  T.
• What unit is current measured in?

  Amperes (A).
• What symbol represents current?

  I.
• What is an electrical charge?

  A property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field
• What does electric current do in circuits?

  Powers circuit components like lamps and meters
• What happens to a lamp when current flows through it?

  It lights up
• What occurs if too much current flows through a circuit?

  The circuit breaks
• What is a diode?

  A component that allows current to flow in one direction
• What does a voltmeter measure?

  Potential difference
• What is the role of a resistor in a circuit?

  It has a designated resistance to current
• What is a thermistor?

  A resistor that reduces resistance when heated