#2 localisation of brain function

• What does localisation of brain functions refer to?

  Different brain areas are responsible for specific functions
• How is the brain organized in terms of localisation?

  The brain is split into two hemispheres with specific regions
• What are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex and their functions?

  • Temporal lobes: Process auditory information
  • Occipital lobes: Process visual information
  • Parietal lobes: Process sensory information
  • Frontal lobes: Involved with thinking and creativity
• What happens if an area of the brain is damaged?

  The individual loses functioning in that area
• What memory problems might arise from damage to the hippocampus?

  Loss of memory functions
• How does the localisation of brain function relate to brain damage?

  Damage leads to loss of specific functions
• What areas of the brain are linked to language processing?

  Specific areas of the brain
• Who studied patients with language problems in the 18th Century?

  Paul Broca
• What did Paul Broca examine after the death of his patients?

  Their brains
• What did Broca find in the brains of his patients?

  Damage to the left hemisphere
• What is the area associated with speech production called?

  Broca's area
• Where is Broca's area located?

  At the back of the frontal lobe
• What are the key findings of Paul Broca's study on language processing?

  • Studied 8 patients with language problems
  • Found damage in the left hemisphere
  • Identified Broca's area linked to speech production
  • Located at the back of the frontal lobe