QUIZ - DECEMBER

• What best describes Wundt’s use of the term introspection?


  Investigating internal events by examining conscious thoughts and feelings
• Which psychologist is best known in relation to the emergence of psychology as a science?


  Wundt
• What best describes Wundt’s method of introspection?


  introspection involves reporting present experience.
• Who is often regarded as the "father of psychology"?

  Wilhelm Wundt
• What significant contribution did Wundt make in 1879?

  Opened the first experimental psychology laboratory
• Where did Wundt open his psychology laboratory?

  Leipzig, Germany
• What method did Wundt develop for studying consciousness?

  Introspection
• What was the aim of Wundt's method of introspection?

  To break down mental processes into components
• What approach is associated with Wundt's method of introspection?

  Structuralism
• What scientific principles did Wundt emphasize in his work?

  Control, standardization, and replication
• What criticism did introspection face later on?

  It was considered subjective and unscientific
• How did Wundt's work influence the field of psychology?

  It provided a methodological framework for psychology
• What transition did Wundt facilitate in psychology?

  From philosophy to a scientific discipline
• Which later approaches were inspired by Wundt's work?

  Behaviorism and cognitive psychology
• How did participants in Wundt’s studies engage with stimuli?

  They focused on inner experiences
• What does introspection involve?

  Analyzing one's own conscious thoughts
• What type of stimuli did participants report on in Wundt's studies?

  Controlled stimuli like a ticking metronome
• What was the goal of the introspection method in Wundt's studies?

  To break mental processes into basic components
• What is the concept associated with breaking mental processes down?

  Structuralism
• Why were introspection studies conducted under controlled conditions?

  To ensure reliability and replicability
• What was consistent across all participants in Wundt's studies?

  The same stimuli and instructions were used
• How does introspection differ from everyday self-reflection?

  It involves scientific control and structure
• What are the key features of introspection in Wundt's studies?

  • Systematic analysis of thoughts and feelings
  • Focus on inner experiences with controlled stimuli
  • Reporting sensations, emotions, and thoughts in detail
  • Conducted under strictly controlled conditions
  • Use of the same stimuli and instructions for all participants
• What distinguishes introspection from everyday self-reflection?

  • Scientific control
  • Structured methodology
  • Focus on detailed reporting
• What best describes identification as a feature of social learning?


  wanting to be like another person
• What device did Skinner use for his research into reinforcement?

  Skinner box
• What does the Skinner box contain that allows animals to interact?

  A lever or button
• What happens when an animal presses the lever in the Skinner box?

  It receives a reinforcer, like food
• What type of reinforcement increases the likelihood of behavior being repeated?

  Positive reinforcement
• What is an example of negative reinforcement in Skinner's research?

  Avoiding an electric shock
• What does Skinner's research suggest about behavior?

  It is shaped by its consequences
• What is the basis of operant conditioning according to Skinner's research?

  • Behavior is shaped by consequences
  • Reinforcement increases behavior likelihood
  • Punishment decreases behavior likelihood
• What is one strength of the behaviorist approach in psychology?

  Scientific credibility
• Why does the behaviorist approach have scientific credibility?

  It focuses on observable behaviors measured objectively
• How did Skinner demonstrate the behaviorist approach's scientific credibility?

  Through controlled experiments using the Skinner box
• What impact has the behaviorist approach had on psychology's status?

  It has allowed psychology to gain status as a science
• What is another strength of the behaviorist approach?

  Real-world application
• How are conditioning principles applied in real-world settings?

  Through systems like token economies in prisons
• What is an example of a classical conditioning technique used in therapy?

  Systematic desensitization for treating phobias
• What are the strengths of the behaviorist approach in psychology?

  • Scientific credibility:
  • Focus on observable behaviors
  • Use of controlled laboratory experiments
  • Real-world application:
  • Token economy systems in prisons and schools
  • Systematic desensitization for phobias