Diabetes

• How is type 1 diabetes treated?

  By replacing missing insulin
• What methods can be used to administer insulin for type 1 diabetes?

  Insulin infusion or injections
• How is type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes treated?

  With lifestyle changes
• What lifestyle changes are recommended for managing type 2 diabetes?

  Eating a healthy diet and keeping active
• Why is regular monitoring of blood glucose concentration important?

  To ensure diabetes is well controlled
• What medication is commonly used for type 2 diabetes?

  Metformin
• How does metformin help in diabetes management?

  It increases sensitivity of body cells to insulin
• What is a potential impact of diabetes on cardiovascular health?

  Increased risk of cardiovascular disease
• What kidney-related issue can diabetes cause?

  Kidney disease
• What condition can frequently occur due to diabetes?

  Hyperglycaemia
• What mental health issues can be associated with diabetes?

  Clinical depression and psychological distress
• What causes type 1 diabetes?

  Destruction of beta cells in pancreas
• What leads to insulin deficiency in type 1 diabetes?

  Destruction of insulin-producing beta cells
• What causes type 2 diabetes?

  Insulin resistance
• How do liver and muscle cells behave in type 2 diabetes?

  They no longer respond to insulin
• What causes gestational diabetes?

  Elevated blood glucose concentrations
• Why does gestational diabetes occur during pregnancy?

  Pancreas can't produce enough insulin
• What is diabetes classified as?

  A chronic disease
• What happens when the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin?

  Body can't effectively use insulin produced
• What are the main types of diabetes and their causes?

  • Type 1: Destruction of beta cells in pancreas
  • Type 2: Insulin resistance in liver and muscle cells
  • Gestational: Elevated blood glucose during pregnancy
• What are the impacts of diabetes on health systems?

  • Increased risk of cardiovascular disease
  • Kidney disease
  • Frequent hyperglycaemia
  • Clinical depression
  • Psychological distress