communicable diseases

• 4 viruses


  -helical viruses

  -polyhedral viruses

  -spherical viruses

  -complex viruses
• how do viruses infect


  the injection of RNA/DNA into host cells reprograms the cell. It will start replicating the virus instead of carrying out its normal function. Eventually the cytoplams fills with virus and the cell membrane bursts spilling virus over nearby cells which binds to infect thise cells
• name five communicable diseases

  HIV

  ebola

  chicken pox

  flu

  tuberculosis
• name 5 non communicable diseases

  cancer

  Alzheimer's

  type 2 diabetes

  asthma

  coronary heart disease
• pathogens are


  microorganisms that cause disease
• 4 types of pathogen


  virus

  fungi

  bacteria

  protist
• name 5 methods of transmission

  1. coughing or sneezing
  2. direct contact
  3. contaminated water
  4. touching infected surfaces
  5. via contaminated food
• fungi characteristics


  chitin cell wall

  saprotrophic nutrition

  secrete enzymes to digest food then absorb it

  thread like structures called hyphae

  hyphae lroduce spores to spread easily
• size of fungi


  3-10 micrometers
• protists characteristics


  eukaryotes

  can be parasitic

  reproduces within the blood

  single celled organism
• size of protists


  10-100 micrometers
• bacteria characteristics


  produces rapidly

  prokaryotic

  peptidoglycan cell wall

  produces toxins to damage cell tissues
• bacteria size


  0.2-5 micrometers
• virus characteristics


  are not cells

  reproduce rapidly using vest cells

  cell damage- makes you feel unwell

  genetic material and a protein coat
• size of virus


  5-400 nanometers
• 4 things that make a good pathogen

  -high reproduction rate

  -high resistance to medicines

  -high infectivity

  -moderate lethality