Physics laws of motion

• What is a scalar quantity?

  A quantity with just size (magnitude)
• What is a vector quantity?

  A quantity with size and direction
• What are examples of scalar quantities?

  • Mass
  • Distance
  • Energy
  • Time
  • Power
  • Speed
• What are examples of vector quantities?

  • Displacement
  • Acceleration
  • Weight
  • Velocity
  • Gravitational field strength
  • Momentum
• How do vectors represent direction and magnitude?

  Using arrows to show direction and length
• What does Newton's first law state about resultant force?

  If resultant force is 0, motion remains constant
• What happens to a stationary object with no resultant force?

  It remains stationary
• What does resultant force indicate when not in equilibrium?

  Object is accelerating, decelerating, or changing direction
• What are the two types of forces?

  • Contact forces
  • Non-contact forces
• What is an example of a contact force?

  Friction
• What is an example of a non-contact force?

  Magnetic force
• What does Newton's third law state about interacting objects?

  They exert equal and opposite forces on each other
• What are the characteristics of a third law pair of forces?

  Equal size, opposite direction, different objects
• What is speed defined as?

  How far something travels in a given time
• What is velocity defined as?

  Speed in a given direction
• What is the average walking speed?

  1. 5 m/s
• What is the average running speed?

  3 m/s
• What is the average cycling speed?

  6 m/s
• What is acceleration defined as?

  The rate of change of velocity
• How is change in velocity calculated?

  Final velocity - starting velocity
• What is Newton's second law formula?

  F = ma
• What does the center of mass represent?

  The point where gravity appears to act
• What happens to an irregular object when it hangs?

  It falls directly below the pivot
• What happens to a regular object regarding lines of symmetry?

  It falls along its lines of symmetry
• What does the gradient represent in a velocity-time graph?

  Velocity or speed
• What is inertia?

  The tendency of an object to resist changes in motion
• What is the relationship between mass and weight?

  Mass is not equal to weight
• What is weight defined as?

  The force acting on an object due to gravity
• What does gravitational field strength depend on?

  The location of the object in the universe
• What is the unit of weight?

  Newtons (N)
• What is the unit of mass?

  Kilograms (kg)
• How is weight calculated?

  Weight = mass x gravitational field strength
• What is the unit of gravitational field strength?

  Newtons per kilogram (N/kg)
• What are the parts of the practical experiment described?

  Part 1:

  • I = Force (changing mass on holder)
  • D = Acceleration (light gate and data logger)
  • C = Mass (moving masses from trolley to holder)

  
  

  Part 2:

  • I = Mass of trolley (added more masses)
  • D = Acceleration (light gate + data logger)
  • C = Force (keep the mass on the holder)
• What is the relationship between acceleration and mass of the trolley?

  Acceleration is directly proportional to mass
• What is the relationship between force and acceleration?

  Force is directly proportional to acceleration
• What is the relationship between force and mass?

  Force is directly proportional to mass
• What is the relationship between mass and acceleration?

  Mass is inversely proportional to acceleration
• What is the formula for calculating acceleration?

  $a =$$\frac{\Delta V}{t}$
• What is the formula for calculating force?

  $F =$$ma$