digital data

• What is the difference between data and information?

  Data is raw facts; information is processed data.
• How does an information system process data?

  It processes data to produce information.
• What does data consist of?

  Raw facts and figures with no meaning.
• What is meant by 'data with meaning'?

  It refers to processed data that becomes information.
• What is the product number example given?

  62351
• How is the product number 62351 transformed into information?

  By associating it with the product description.
• In what format do computers store data?

  Digital binary format.
• What is a binary digit known as?

  A BIT.
• How many bits are in a nibble?

  4 bits.
• How many bits are in a byte?

  8 bits.
• What is 1 kilobyte (Kb) equal to?

  1024 bytes.
• What is 1 megabyte (Mb) equal to?

  1024 kilobytes.
• What is 1 gigabyte (Gb) equal to?

  1024 megabytes.
• What is 1 terabyte (Tb) equal to?

  1024 gigabytes.
• What are the different data types mentioned?

  • Numeric: Integer numbers, positive or negative.
  • Date/Time: Long, medium, and short formats.
  • Character/String: Single letters or digits, ASCII representation.
• What is a pixel?

  The smallest unit of a digital image.
• How is image quality referred to?

  As image resolution.
• What does combining pixels produce?

  A complete image.
• How many bits does a typical JPEG image use to store a pixel?

  24 bits.
• What are the characteristics of bitmap graphics?

  • Store details about every pixel.
  • File size can be very large.
  • Can be compressed to reduce file size.
• What are the characteristics of vector-based graphics?

  • Store information about image components.
  • Based on mathematical objects like lines and curves.
  • File size is generally smaller than bitmap graphics.
• What is streaming in relation to video?

  Viewing video without a time delay.
• What is a buffer used for in video playback?

  To store downloaded video parts before viewing.
• How does buffering help during video playback?

  It prevents disruptions from streaming delays.
• What is the sample rate in sound representation?

  Number of audio samples captured per second.
• What is bit depth in sound representation?

  Number of bits used for each sound sample.
• What is data portability?

  Transferring data without re-entering it.
• What are some common file formats for images and audio?

  • TIFF: Tagged Image File Format.
  • PNG: Portable Network Graphics.
  • GIF: Graphics Interchange Format.
  • MP3: Compressed sound file format.
  • MP4: Compresses both sound and video.
• What is the purpose of data compression?

  To reduce file size while maintaining quality.
• What is lossy compression?

  Reduces file size by removing some data.
• What is lossless compression?

  Maintains quality; no data is lost.
• What is an example of a lossy compression method?

  JPEG.
• What is an example of lossless compression?

  WinZip.
• What is the purpose of the exam tip regarding graphics?

  To understand vector-based vs bitmap graphics.
• What is the purpose of data compression in websites?

  To ensure fast image and audio download speeds.
• What is the significance of understanding file formats?

  To know how different media types are stored.