QUIZ ATMOSPHERE CHEM

• TROPOSPHERE - Most of Earth’s weather happens here, and almost all clouds that are generated by the weather are found here.
• POLLUTANT- Substance that is present in higher concentrations than would be expected due to human activity.
• RECEPTOR - A medium that is affected by the pollutants.
• MESOSPHERE - Coldest layer of the atmosphere and most meteors burn up in this layer of the atmosphere.
• CONTAMINANT - Substance that is recognized as foreign to the natural environment and might cause deviation from their normal composition.
• SOURCE - This is where pollutants originate.
• THERMOSPHERE - Auroras, the Northern Lights and Southern Lights occur here.
• SINK - The medium, which reacts with the pollutants and acts as their long-term repository.
• POLLUTION - The introduction of harmful materials into the environment, making the environment unsuitable or unsafe.
• AIR POLLUTANT - The main cause of air pollution and global warming or the destruction of the protective stratospheric ozone layer.
• STRATOSPHERE - Layer of the atmosphere that consists of oxygen, nitrogen and Earth’s ozone layer.
• NITROGEN - This is a stable and non-reactive gas.
• AEROSOLS - The colloidal-sized particles suspended in the atmosphere.
• SEDIMENTATION - The simplest means of particulate matter removal which occurs continuously in nature.
• CONDENSATION NUCLEI - It serves as bodies for atmospheric water vapor to condense upon and is essential for the formation of rain drops.
• RESPIRABLE - The quality of smaller particles which is the tendency to be inhaled into the lungs.
• DRY CENTRIFUGAL COLLECTORS (CYCLONES) Devices which utilizes the mode of operation where matter may be collected on a separator wall because the particles are forced outward by centrifugal force.
• VENTURI SCRUBBER - A specific type of scrubber that passes gas through a device which leads the gas stream through a converging section, throat, and diverging section.
• FABRIC FILTERS - These consist of fabrics that allow the passage of gas but retain particulate matter.
• GRAVITATIONAL SETTLING CHAMBERS - This may be employed for the removal of particles from gas streams by simply settling under the influence of gravity.
• What process helps balance just the right temperature for humans and other living beings to thrive?

  Answer: Greenhouse effect
• What is the most abundant type of air pollutant, there are about 360 parts per million by volume in the atmosphere and are increasing 1 ppm per year?

  Answer: Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
• Which of the following pollutants can undergo photochemical reactions at a wavelength less than 430 nm, which means it has the ability to absorb and use sunlight for photochemical processes?

  Answer; Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂)
• What pollutant reacts with the atmosphere, producing sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), which is one of the main reasons for acid precipitation or acid rain?


  Answer: Sulfuric Dioxide (SO₂)
• Which of the following is the most abundant hydrocarbon in the atmosphere and one of the least reactive atmospheric hydrocarbons?


  Answer: Methane (CH4)
• A certain pollutant is not usually a global threat like carbon dioxide. However, this could cause serious health issues as it prevents blood from transporting oxygen to body tissues. Which of the following is this pollutant?


  Answer: Carbon Monoxide (CO)  
• What is a mixture of pollutants that are formed when nitrogen oxides and organic compounds in the atmosphere react with sunlight, creating a brown haze above cities?

  Answer: Photochemical Smog
• The Earth's atmosphere is divided into several distinct layers, each with unique characteristics and functions. From the innermost to the outermost, what is the right sequence of the layers of the atmosphere?

  Answer:  Troposphere-Stratosphere-Mesosphere-Thermosphere-Exosphere
• What layer of the atmosphere represents a practical ceiling for commercial aircraft? Beyond this layer are  factors like insufficient air density, engine limitations, and safety concerns that make higher altitudes unsuitable for flight, making it the highest point of the atmosphere that commercial planes can reach.

  Answer: Stratosphere
• The nitrogen cycle is a biogeochemical process that describes the movement and transformation of nitrogen through the atmosphere, soil, water, and living organisms. What stage in the Nitrogen Cycle process does the nitrogen compounds make their way back into the atmosphere by converting nitrate into gaseous nitrogen?

  Answer: Denitrification
• The Earth's atmosphere is a mixture of gasses that surrounds the planet and is vital for supporting life. What are the existing trace gasses in the atmospheric gasses?

  Answer: CO2, Ne, He, CH4, H2, Kr
• The Molecular Nitrogen is a diatomic molecule consisting of two nitrogen atoms held together by a strong triple covalent bond. How much percentage of Molecular Nitrogen (N2) makes the Earth’s atmosphere?

  Answer: 78%
• _______ is a biogeochemical process through which______ is converted into many forms, consecutively passing from the atmosphere to the soil to organisms and back into the atmosphere. 

  Nitrogen Cycle; nitrogen
• Nitrogen fixation is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen gas, which is chemically inert and unusable by most living organisms, is converted into biologically usable forms such as ammonia or related compounds. What is the type of Nitrogen fixation that is considered as a natural phenomenon?

  Answer: Atmospheric Fixation
• In the process of Oxygen Cycle, ______ exhale carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere which is again used by the______ during photosynthesis. Now oxygen is balanced within the atmosphere.


  Answer: Animals; Plants
• Baghouses are bags contained in structures that are being collected by fabric filters. Which of the following is not a way to remove collected particulate matter from bags?

  Answer: Coagulation
• Brownian motion of particles refers to the random movement displayed by small particles. If particles less than 0.1 μm in size are primarily responsible for their contact, what is the purpose of particles greater than 0.3 μm knowing that they do not diffuse appreciably?

  Answer: They serve primarily as receptors of smaller particles.
• What type of aerosol particles are formed from bulk matter through grinding?

  Answer: Dispersion aerosols
• Scrubbers are one of the air pollution control devices different industries use. The smaller the droplets inside the scrubbers are, the easier for contaminants to be removed. Which of the following processes breaks the liquid into very small droplets?

  Answer: Injection of scrubbing liquid
• There are many ways to control air pollution such as the usage of particle removal systems and devices. Which of the following practices is not a way to reduce such pollution?

  Answer: Usage of fire and fire products