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Renal system
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Created by
Chloe James
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Cards (46)
What are the main organs of the renal system?
Kidneys, renal pelvis,
ureters
,
bladder
, urethra
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What is the primary function of the renal system?
To filter
waste
from the
blood
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How big is a human kidney?
About the
size
of a
fist
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What supplies each kidney with blood?
A
renal artery
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How many nephrons are in each kidney?
About
a million
nephrons
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How much blood passes through the kidneys each day?
About
160-180
litres
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How much urine do the kidneys produce daily?
About
1.5 litres
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What surrounds the kidney?
A
renal
capsule and the
cortex
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What happens to urine formed in the cortex?
It passes through the
minor calyx
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What is the pathway of urine from the calyx?
From calyx to
renal pelvis
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What is the role of the renal pelvis?
It funnels urine towards the
ureter
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How does urine move from the renal pelvis?
It continues down the
ureter
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What process moves urine through the ureter?
Peristalsis
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What is the function of the urethra?
To transport
urine
outside the body
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What muscle primarily controls the bladder?
The
sphincter muscle
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What happens when you drink a lot of water?
Blood volume
increases
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How does the pituitary gland respond to increased blood volume?
It reduces production of
ADH
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What is the effect of reduced ADH on the nephron?
Less
water
is
reabsorbed
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What is necessary to maintain water balance in the body?
Fluid intake must match
fluid
output
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Why is water balance essential for the body?
Most
reactions
occur in water
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What are the sources of fluid intake?
Food
and
drink
consumed
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What are the sources of fluid output?
Urine
,
faeces
,
sweat
,
expired air
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How does homeostasis indicate the need for more water?
You become
thirsty
and
urine
darkens
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What can indicate dehydration through skin condition?
Elasticity
of your skin
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What happens if the nephron does not filter blood adequately?
Waste
accumulates in the body
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What can cause nephron dysfunction?
Injury
,
disease
, or
age deterioration
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What disease is mentioned that affects the renal system?
Diabetes
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Is diabetes usually reversible?
No, it is usually
irreversible
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How can injury affect the renal system?
It can affect blood flow to the
kidney
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How does age affect the renal system?
It can lead to deterioration of
function
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What is a common symptom of renal disorders?
Fatigue
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Which symptom indicates renal issues related to urination?
Weeing
more often
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What does renal failure indicate about kidney function?
The
kidneys
are not working correctly
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What are the most common causes of renal failure?
Diabetes
and
high blood pressure
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What is a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
An
infection
that
affects
the
urinary
tract
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What is a symptom of a urinary tract infection?
Cloudy wee
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How does bacteria cause a UTI?
Bacteria from
poo
enters the urinary tract
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What are the treatments for renal failure?
Dialysis
Kidney
transplant
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What are the treatments for urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
Self-care advice
Antibiotics
Vaginal cream/ointment
Urine drainage
Urethroplasty
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What symptom might indicate a urinary tract infection related to urination urgency?
Weeing
more urgently
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