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Cards (62)
What are all things made up of?
Lots of tiny particles called
atoms
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How many atoms does a single cell contain?
More than 100 trillion atoms
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What are the two types of particles in the nucleus?
Protons
and
neutrons
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What is the basic structure of an atom?
A
central nucleus
surrounded by
electrons
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What is the relative mass of protons and neutrons?
Both have a relative mass of
one
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How much smaller are electrons compared to protons and neutrons?
Two thousand times
smaller
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What charge do protons have?
Positive charge
of
one
plus
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What charge do neutrons have?
No charge, they are
neutral
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What charge do electrons have?
Negative charge of one
minus
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How can you remember the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
Protons are
positive
, neutrons are
neutral
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What is the radius of an atom?
Around 0.1
nanometers
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What is mostly found in an atom?
Empty space
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How does the size of the nucleus compare to the atom?
The nucleus is
10,000
times smaller
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How many protons and electrons does the drawn atom have?
Three
protons and three electrons
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What happens when an atom gains or loses electrons?
It becomes
charged
and is called an ion
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What is a negative ion?
An atom with more
electrons
than
protons
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What is a one minus negative ion?
An atom with one extra
electron
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What is a one plus positive ion?
An atom with one less
electron
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What does the periodic table represent?
Different types of
atoms
Each box is an
element
Contains information about
elements
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What does the elemental symbol represent?
It
represents
the
element
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What does the atomic number indicate?
How many
protons
an atom has
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How many protons do oxygen atoms have?
Eight
protons
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How many protons do lithium atoms have?
Three
protons
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What determines which element an atom is?
The number of
protons
in the atom
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What does the mass number tell us?
Total number of
neutrons
and
protons
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How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
Mass number
minus
atomic number
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How many neutrons does oxygen have?
Eight
neutrons
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How many neutrons does lithium have?
Four
neutrons
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How many electrons does an atom have?
Same as the number of
protons
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How many electrons does oxygen have?
Eight
electrons
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How many electrons does lithium have?
Three
electrons
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What is an atom made up of?
A central
nucleus
and orbiting
electrons
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What determines which element an atom is?
The number of
protons
in its nucleus
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What is the smallest element?
Hydrogen
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How many protons does hydrogen have?
One
proton
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How many protons and neutrons does helium have?
Two
protons and two neutrons
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What does the periodic table represent?
About 100
different
elements
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What is the atomic number?
The number of
protons
in an atom
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What does an atomic number of two indicate?
The element is helium
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What is the atomic number of carbon?
Six
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