psych

• What is perceptual set?

  A state of readiness to perceive stimuli
• How does perceptual set help us?

  It helps focus on relevant events
• What are the four factors affecting perception?

  1. Expectations
  2. Culture
  3. Emotions
  4. Motivation
• How do expectations affect perception?

  They are based on past experiences
• In what way does culture influence perception?

  It shapes our cultural expectations
• How do emotions affect perception?

  They align perception with our feelings
• What role does motivation play in perception?

  It drives us to perceive certain stimuli
• How might hunger influence perception?

  It makes us more aware of food smells
• What does Gibson's theory of perception suggest about innate mechanisms?

  We are born with innate perceptual mechanisms
• Why is perception considered adaptive according to Gibson?

  It is necessary for survival
• What does direct perception mean in Gibson's theory?

  Sensation leads to automatic perception
• What is ecological theory in Gibson's perspective?

  The environment provides enough information for perception
• What is motion parallax?

  Closer objects appear to move faster
• What are affordances in perception?

  Perception of utility of objects
• What does the Kanizsa triangle illustrate?

  Fiction created by our perception
• What does Ames' room demonstrate?

  Size constancy in perception
• What is a visual illusion?

  A misinterpretation of visual perception
• What are the four reasons we see visual illusions?

  1. Size constancy
  2. Misinterpreted depth cues
  3. Ambiguity
  4. Fiction
• How does size constancy affect our perception?

  We maintain size perception despite changes
• What are misinterpreted depth cues?

  Wrongly applying depth rules to perception
• What does ambiguity in perception mean?

  An image can be perceived in multiple ways
• How does the Muller-Lyer illusion work?

  Arrowheads affect perceived distance
• What is fiction in visual perception?

  Perceiving something that isn't there
• What causes the Ponzo illusion?

  Misinterpreted depth cues from linear perspective
• What does Rubin's vase illustrate?

  Ambiguity between vase and faces
• What is Necker's cube an example of?

  Ambiguity in spatial perception
• What are monocular depth cues?

  Depth cues that work with one eye
• What are the four monocular depth cues?

  1. Height in plane
  2. Relative size
  3. Occlusion
  4. Linear perspective
• How does height in plane affect perception?

  Higher objects appear further away
• What does relative size indicate in perception?

  Smaller objects seem further away
• What is occlusion in depth perception?

  Objects in front appear closer
• What is linear perspective?

  Parallel lines converge at a vanishing point
• What are binocular depth cues?

  Cues that require both eyes to perceive
• What are the two binocular depth cues?

  1. Retinal disparity
  2. Convergence
• What is retinal disparity?

  Comparing images from both eyes
• How does convergence help with depth perception?

  It indicates how eyes focus on objects
• What are false memories?

  Remembering events that never happened
• What are the two ways false memories can be planted?

  1. Repeated exposure
  2. Post event discussion
• How does repeated exposure lead to false memories?

  It makes people believe false information
• What is post event discussion?

  Discussing an event can alter memories