skeletal system

Cards (46)

  • How many named bones are in the human skeleton?
    206
  • Why can the number of bones in the human skeleton vary?
    Due to amputation or abnormalities
  • What components make up the skeleton?
    Bones, joints, and ligaments
  • What percentage of body mass does the skeleton constitute?
    20%
  • Which bone does not join with other bones?
    The hyoid bone
  • How is the hyoid bone connected?
    By cartilage or ligaments
  • What type of tissue is cartilage?
    Connective tissue
  • What is the role of fibrocartilage in the skeletal system?
    Acts as a shock absorber
  • What is hyaline cartilage's function in the body?
    Provides a smooth surface for joints
  • What are the two major divisions of the skeletal system?
    Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
  • What does the axial skeleton consist of?
    Spine, rib cage, and skull
  • What is the main function of the skeleton?
    To provide support against gravity
  • How does the skeleton protect vital organs?
    By encasing them within bone structures
  • What role does calcium play in the body?
    It is vitally important for various functions
  • What happens to hormones embedded in bones when they are broken down?
    They are released into the body
  • What are the functions of bones in the body?
    Mineral storage, hormone production, and blood cell formation
  • What are the organizational levels of the skeletal system?
    System, organs, and three levels of structure
  • What is found in spongy bone?
    Red blood cells
  • What are trabeculae in spongy bone?
    Structures that adapt with age
  • What is the diaphysis of a bone?
    The main component of the bone
  • What does the epiphysis represent in a bone?
    The end of the bone
  • What is the epiphyseal line also known as?
    The growth zone
  • What is the periosteum?
    The outer layer of the bone
  • What does the inner layer of the periosteum produce?
    Bone cells that repair and build bone
  • What is yellow bone marrow made up of?
    Lipids and fats
  • What does the endosteum line?
    The cavity of the bone and canals
  • What are osteoblasts responsible for?
    Building ground substances and fibers
  • What do osteoclasts do?
    Remove and remodel bone cells
  • What is the role of osteocytes?
    Control osteoclasts and osteoblasts
  • What do Volkmann’s canals allow?
    Blood vessels to join the Haversian canal
  • What is an osteon?
    An area of compact bone surrounding the Haversian canal
  • What do lamellae provide to bones?
    Strength and rigidity
  • What are sacrificial bonds in bones?
    Bonds that absorb energy from stress
  • What do osteoblasts secrete?
    Bone matrix
  • What is the chemical composition of bones?
    30% organic and 70% minerals
  • What happens to bones without calcium phosphate?
    They become floppy and elastic
  • What happens to bones without collagen fibers?
    They shatter and behave like glass
  • What are the four main features of synovial joints?
    Joint cavity, synovial fluid, nerve supply, articular cartilage
  • What is the function of synovial fluid?
    Acts as a lubricant in the joint
  • What is the outer layer of a synovial joint made of?
    Collagen fibers in a fibrous layer