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skeletal system
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Cards (46)
How many named bones are in the human skeleton?
206
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Why can the number of bones in the human skeleton vary?
Due to
amputation
or abnormalities
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What components make up the skeleton?
Bones
,
joints
, and
ligaments
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What percentage of body mass does the skeleton constitute?
20%
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Which bone does not join with other bones?
The hyoid bone
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How is the hyoid bone connected?
By
cartilage
or
ligaments
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What type of tissue is cartilage?
Connective
tissue
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What is the role of fibrocartilage in the skeletal system?
Acts as a
shock absorber
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What is hyaline cartilage's function in the body?
Provides a smooth surface for
joints
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What are the two major divisions of the skeletal system?
Axial skeleton
and
appendicular skeleton
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What does the axial skeleton consist of?
Spine
,
rib cage
, and
skull
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What is the main function of the skeleton?
To provide support against
gravity
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How does the skeleton protect vital organs?
By encasing them within
bone structures
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What role does calcium play in the body?
It is vitally important for various
functions
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What happens to hormones embedded in bones when they are broken down?
They are released into the body
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What are the functions of bones in the body?
Mineral storage
,
hormone production
, and
blood cell formation
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What are the organizational levels of the skeletal system?
System, organs, and three levels of
structure
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What is found in spongy bone?
Red blood cells
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What are trabeculae in spongy bone?
Structures that adapt with
age
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What is the diaphysis of a bone?
The
main component
of
the
bone
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What does the epiphysis represent in a bone?
The
end
of
the
bone
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What is the epiphyseal line also known as?
The
growth zone
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What is the periosteum?
The outer layer of the bone
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What does the inner layer of the periosteum produce?
Bone cells
that repair and build bone
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What is yellow bone marrow made up of?
Lipids
and
fats
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What does the endosteum line?
The
cavity
of the bone and canals
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What are osteoblasts responsible for?
Building
ground substances
and fibers
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What do osteoclasts do?
Remove and remodel
bone cells
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What is the role of osteocytes?
Control
osteoclasts
and
osteoblasts
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What do Volkmann’s canals allow?
Blood vessels to join the
Haversian canal
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What is an osteon?
An area of compact bone surrounding the
Haversian canal
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What do lamellae provide to bones?
Strength
and rigidity
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What are sacrificial bonds in bones?
Bonds that absorb
energy
from stress
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What do osteoblasts secrete?
Bone matrix
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What is the chemical composition of bones?
30%
organic
and
70%
minerals
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What happens to bones without calcium phosphate?
They become floppy and
elastic
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What happens to bones without collagen fibers?
They shatter and behave like glass
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What are the four main features of synovial joints?
Joint cavity,
synovial fluid
, nerve supply,
articular cartilage
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What is the function of synovial fluid?
Acts as a
lubricant
in the joint
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What is the outer layer of a synovial joint made of?
Collagen
fibers in a fibrous layer
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